driving a tram back home during the national day holiday, i was afraid of traffic jams and even more afraid of grabbing charging stations. i believe that many new energy car owners will inevitably encounter long queues at charging stations in service areas when going out on the expressway during the national day holiday this year. pure electric, plug-in hybrid, and extended-range vehicles are all piled together. at some stations, the queues can even last up to 4 hours. to save valuable time, many people will even venture to the next service area to replenish energy despite low battery. at this moment, battery life anxiety and energy replenishment anxiety are vividly reflected.

by next year, this problem may be improved. pure electric vehicles can be charged faster, extended-range plug-in hybrids can save more fuel, and charging speeds are also faster. although there is no guarantee that there will be no queues at charging stations during holidays, at least the energy replenishment efficiency of the battery will be improved. after the significant improvement, fast charging will not be so strenuous in the future.

6c battery fast charging is 6 times faster than tesla. is it more cost-effective to refuel a range-extended car than to charge it?

to solve the problem of slow charging, we can actually start from two aspects. one is to technically improve the structure of the power battery to increase the charge and discharge rate. the other is to pressurize the charging pile to be compatible with the charging requirements of high-rate batteries and essentially simultaneously improve charging. speed, the latter mainly refers to third-party commercial charging piles. at this stage, the rate of dc fast charging piles on the market is generally 2c, such asnio,ideal,xiaopeng、aianthe self-operated superchargers of other brands have reached 4c, so the focus of our analysis in this paragraph is on the battery technology level.

3c batteries will be put into mass production in 2022, and 4c and 5c batteries will be released in 2023. now 6c batteries have been launched. according to the plan, the 6c batteries jointly developed by catl and saic-gm will be installed in cars and rolled off the assembly line as soon as next year.bydit is still under research and development, and battery manufacturers including yiwei lithium energy, sunwanda, honeycomb energy and other battery manufacturers have released 6c batteries this year. therefore, it can be speculated that batteries will fully enter the 6c era in 2025. not surprisingly, byd will also related products will be released next year.

in less than 4 years, fast charging (soc 30%-80%) has been shortened from half an hour in the past to less than 10 minutes. this is 6 times faster than tesla v3 supercharging. it can even quickly replenish 200 batteries in about 5 minutes. kilometers of driving range, this performance is already quite close to the refueling time of a fuel vehicle. we have analyzed before that in order to achieve 5c, the core method for kirin batteries is to reduce the size of graphite particles, shorten the speed of lithium ions embedding from the positive electrode into the negative electrode, improve the electrolyte formula to increase the conductivity, and reduce the thickness of the sei film from 20nm is reduced to 8nm, compressing the interface path of the graphite negative electrode, and finally increasing the porosity of lithium ions passing through the separator. in short, there is only one purpose, which is to increase the migration rate of lithium ions from the positive electrode to the negative electrode and reset the internal physical structure of the battery. this approach simple and crude, but very effective. in the laboratory test environment, the upper limit of this battery has reached 7c. however, considering the internal temperature and other factors, daily use is limited to 5c. the final peak current exceeds 700a and the power reaches 520kw. looking at the charging speed, it can charge 500 kilometers in 12 minutes.

as for catl’s 6c batteries, they are actually second-generation kirin batteries. does it look familiar? yes, i am planning to challenge the nürburgring lap time this month.xiaomi su7 ultra, it is equipped with this battery. however, judging from the attributes, this is a high-power specially tuned version for the track. it is not the final mass production state of commercial civilian vehicles. this can also be regarded as the "debut" of the second-generation kirin battery. "yes." since it can go on the track to challenge lap times, the performance limit of the battery is certainly not low, so from this we seem to be able to find some technical prototypes about the future second-generation kirin battery.

as mentioned earlier, the theoretical limit of the first-generation kirin battery has reached 7c. stacking cells can increase the voltage of the battery pack, but the disadvantage is also very direct, that is, the battery pack size will not be too small, and the self-weight problem will arise, so now stages can only appear invery kryptonian009、ideal megaif you want to install this type of large mpv in a smaller car, you can't increase the battery capacity. therefore, if you still want to maintain the high-voltage capability of the battery, you have to start with the battery, such as in terms of technology. the electrode pieces are made ultra-thin to improve the rate performance of the single cell. another example is optimizing the cathode material and mixing ternary lithium and lithium iron phosphate in proportion to achieve both high energy density and high power performance. in short, the arrival of 6c batteries will mean two things. one is that high-voltage and high-capacity batteries are no longer big, and the other is that charging speed is faster, covering 200 kilometers in less than 5 minutes.

in addition to the technological advancements in power batteries for pure electric vehicles, the technical development of extended-range and plug-in hybrid vehicles has also been quite rapid. byd said that models equipped with fifth-generation dm technology, suvs or cars, can basically achieve a comprehensive range of thousands of kilometers on a tank of oil, but the fuel consumption is as low as 4 liters or even lower. the key is that byd’s plug-in the special hybrid engine uses a high tumble flow airway design to promote the efficiency of oil and gas mixed combustion. the compression ratio has reached 16:1. it also has intelligent split cooling technology and intelligent variable lubrication system. the thermal efficiency finally reached 46.06%. compared with the fourth generation dm technology, this time the engine power is actively reduced to allow the speed to operate in the most fuel-efficient range as much as possible. coupled with the decoupling of the p1 motor, it can be driven like a p3 motor. in this way, there are two scenarios in which this technology can use oil. one is to generate electricity for p1 at medium and low speeds, and the other is to directly drive the p1/p3 motor at high speed. to put it simply, the plug-in hybrid of this technology even requires oil. it saves more than electricity.

as for extended-range technology, we must completely throw away the label of "backward technology" this year. while the battery rate of pure electric vehicles has soared to 6c, the batteries of extended-range vehicles have also jumped from 1c to 4c. like the method mentioned above for improving the charging speed of pure electric vehicles, extended-range vehicles also need to increase the battery capacity, such as 52kwh.wenjie m9, fast charging (soc 30%-80%) takes 30 minutes, 52.4kwhavita 07it was shortened to 10 minutes. the reason still lies in the battery. a closer look at the technical logic behind it shows that it is actually the same as the first-generation kirin battery. it improves the positive electrode activity of the cell, optimizes the electrolyte, and improves the rate of lithium ions passing through the separator. the key point is, this shenxing 4c hybrid battery has a pure electric range of 325 kilometers (cltc operating condition), which is almost the same as the pure electric vehicles equipped with 3c batteries in previous years. in short, the range-extended vehicle is equipped with a high-rate battery, which not only charges faster, but also has a pure electric range that is close to that of a pure electric vehicle. the comprehensive range can easily exceed 1,000 as a plug-in hybrid vehicle.

the problem of charging piles is difficult to solve. the contradiction is that the power of charging piles is low and there are too many old trams?

having said so much from a technical perspective, the conclusion is actually very clear, that is, from next year, pure electric, extended-range and plug-in hybrid vehicles will have a comprehensive range of thousands of kilometers, and the charging speed will become the norm. the past hour was reduced to only 5 minutes. even with the extended range and plug-in hybrid with a fuel tank, the fast charging efficiency under a specific soc will be on par with current pure electric vehicles, and the fuel consumption will only get lower and lower. , can support vehicles to recharge at charging stations closer to their destinations.

in this way, the subtext becomes that people who buy new energy next year will enjoy more powerful and long-term standby capabilities. the normal problem of getting together to grab charging piles during holidays seems to have been mostly solved, and it will no longer be the case. after i had just traveled more than 200 kilometers on the highway, i had to pinch my right leg with tears in my eyes to control the decreasing cruising range, and relieve my anxiety about cruising range at the charging station in the service area.

however, the new energy vehicle industry is not just about car products and car users. sound development also requires the simultaneous implementation of supporting industry chains, such as charging piles. as mentioned earlier, in order to better adapt to 4c, 5c and even future 6c battery models, charging piles need to be upgraded in terms of charging rates. however, the current situation is that except for a few brands that have self-operated high-rate charging stations, in addition to charging piles (maximum power of 480kw and 520kw), third-party commercial charging piles are only 1c and 2c, and the corresponding maximum charging power is only 180kw, and the power with the widest network layout is only 40kw.

although the maximum voltage of third-party commercial charging piles at this stage can reach 750v, which in theory can basically meet the voltage required by 800v and 400v models, the problem lies in the current. generally speaking, considering the low procurement cost and ease of installation, regardless of objective factors such as location, the current of commercial charging piles on the market is generally designed not to exceed 250a, and in order to increase operational efficiency, a single pile and double gun design is usually adopted. therefore, when two cars are charged at the same time, then the charging the current of a bicycle is definitely lower than 250a, and even lower than half at peak times.

what does this mean? the battery on behalf of the car has broken through the technical limit and solved the problem of charging speed. however, there is no suitable supporting equipment at the pile end. even if you drive a tram equipped with a 6c battery to charge, the speed and effect are far from being as fast as in theory, so from now on. from car companies to battery manufacturers, all the simple roll batteries "contain c content" seemed to have little meaning before high-rate charging piles became popular. in this case, why not popularize existing charging piles to 4c or above as soon as possible? and this involves the problem of power grid capacity. moreover, the construction of high-rate charging piles will also lead to rising costs. a series of problems have now become a mountain that restricts the development of high-rate charging piles.

as a result, it is estimated that another phenomenon will occur in the future. models of the same brand will continue to gather at self-operated charging piles of car companies to replenish energy. new energy vehicles before 2022 will then line up in long queues at existing third-party charging piles. you know, in 2022 alone, the number of new energy vehicles in the country will exceed 13 million, of which pure electric vehicles will reach 10.45 million, and the number of new vehicles registered throughout the year will exceed 5.35 million. before this year most of the electric vehicles are equipped with 3c batteries. in the face of such a large number of electric vehicles, it is obviously unrealistic to want the existing charging piles to meet different charging rate models at the same time. therefore, without large-scale laying and popularization of high charging rates, it is obviously unrealistic. before charging piles, there would be no fundamental solution to queuing up for charging.