the ministry of education’s special interpretation comprehensively promotes the construction of an educational power
2024-09-30
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on september 26, the state council information office held a series of press conferences with the theme of "promoting high-quality development". minister of education huai jinpeng, and vice ministers of education wang jiayi, wu yan, and wang guangyan attended the press conference and answered questions from reporters. the following is a transcript of the q&a at the press conference. let’s see together——
minister of education huai jinpeng
minister huai jinpeng introduced the situation——
ladies and gentlemen, friends from the media, good morning! i am very happy to attend today's press conference with several colleagues from the ministry of education to share with friends from the media topics of common interest to everyone and the whole society. first of all, on behalf of the ministry of education, i would like to express my sincere respect and gratitude to you and all sectors of society for your long-term concern, support and trust in education, as well as your selfless help!
the party central committee with comrade xi jinping at its core attaches great importance to the development of education, insists on treating education as a major plan for the country and the party, makes major decisions to deeply implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, accelerates the modernization of education, and establishes the goal of building a powerful country in education by 2035. on september 9, the party central committee held a national education conference. general secretary xi jinping delivered an important speech and clearly outlined the strategic picture of building a powerful country in education. the general secretary pointed out that education is the foundation for building a strong country and rejuvenating the nation, emphasizing that the education power we want to build is a socialist education power with chinese characteristics and should have strong ideological and political leadership, talent competitiveness, scientific and technological support, and people's livelihood security , social synergy, and international influence. using these six characteristics to express the fundamental characteristics of an educational power requires us to firmly grasp the political attributes, people's attributes, and strategic attributes of education, and correctly handle supporting national strategies and meeting people's livelihood needs, knowledge the relationship between learning and comprehensive development, cultivating talents and meeting social needs, being standardized and orderly and stimulating vitality, taking root in china and drawing on international experience, and systematically deploying strategic tasks and major measures to build an educational power will form the basis for us to promote future education reform and development. the general outline and main line. the ministry of education is thoroughly implementing the spirit of general secretary xi jinping’s important speech and the spirit of the national education conference, and regards the preparation and implementation of the outline of the plan for building an educational power as a strategic measure to promote high-quality development. next, we will go all out to implement the spirit of the general secretary’s important speech. , comprehensively promote the implementation of the task of building a powerful country in education, fully implement the major tasks of comprehensive education reform deployed by the third plenary session of the 20th central committee of the party, and make solid progress towards the goal of building a powerful country in education.
since the 18th national congress of the communist party of china, socialist education with chinese characteristics has made historic achievements and undergone structural changes. mainly manifested in:
first, the overall development of students’ moral, intellectual, physical, artistic and labor achievements has become more significant.a vertical, horizontal, and full-coverage party-building work pattern has basically been formed. the concept of "simultaneous development of five educations" has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. the construction of ideological and political courses in schools has been comprehensively strengthened. quality education has been solidly advanced. educating people for the party and educating talents for the country has become a conscious action of the school. , young students are more determined to listen to the party and follow the party. significant progress has been made in the construction of the teaching staff, which increased from 14.629 million in 2012 to 18.918 million at the end of last year. teachers' ability to teach and educate students continues to improve.
second, the people have a more substantial sense of educational attainment.we have built the largest and most quality education system in the world. let me share some data with you: the gross enrollment rate of preschool education was 64.5% in 2012, which increased by 26.6 percentage points to 91.1% at the end of last year. basic education has reached the average level of high-income countries in the world, indicating that china's basic education capabilities and quality are comparable in the world. in terms of higher education, the enrollment rate in 2012 was 30%. in the past ten years, it has increased by 30.2 percentage points, reaching a stage of universalization recognized by the world. in terms of basic education, a basic balance of compulsory education has been fully achieved in 2,895 counties across the country. the basic problem of "education" for the people has been solved. student financial aid covers the entire school period, with a total of 1.4 billion students. nutrition improvement programs have benefited 420 million people. since 2012, we have launched a special enrollment plan for key universities for candidates from rural and formerly impoverished areas. this is an important component that benefits the eastern, central and western regions and promotes a more equitable development of education. in the past ten years, we have enrolled more than 1.1 million students. at the same time, in the free training of targeted medical students in rural areas, we have specially sent more than 50,000 graduates to township health centers in central and western regions, becoming the "gatekeepers" of the health of local people.
third, education supports economic and social development more effectively.since the new era, colleges and universities have sent more than 100 million graduates to the main economic and social battlefield. we have achieved major landmark achievements in scientific research, mainly reflected in the fact that more than 70% of the national natural science awards and technical invention awards, and nearly 50% of the scientific and technological progress awards come from universities, especially in quantum technology, life sciences, physical sciences and space sciences. in other fields, we have achieved a number of significant original results. all these demonstrate the important role of china's higher education as the main force of national basic research and the source of major scientific and technological breakthroughs. colleges and universities have also made positive contributions to the scientific research of philosophy and social sciences and the sustainable development of culture and art, and their ability to educate people and create art has been continuously enhanced.
fourth, the comprehensive reform of education will be deepened.we will deepen the reform of comprehensive evaluation of education and promote major changes in the basic education ecology through "double reduction". the enrollment model of classified examinations, comprehensive evaluation, and multiple admission examinations has been basically formed, which has effectively promoted student growth, national talent selection, and social equity.
fifth, the international influence of china’s education has become more evident.we have signed mutual recognition agreements with 59 countries and regions, and the national smart education platform has provided services to more than 200 countries and more than 10 million overseas users. as of this month, the national smart education platform has received more than 50 billion visits, becoming the most actively used and benefited platform in the world. it also provides valuable data resources for basic education, vocational education, and higher education in our country, and the national digitalization the education strategy has achieved solid results. at the same time, we also successfully promoted the establishment of the international stem education research institute in china by unesco. these tasks are of great significance for us to further serve the society and promote international exchanges and cooperation. at the same time, china university of geosciences (beijing) and xiamen university took the lead in launching the "deep time digital earth" and "ocean negative emissions" international science projects. chinese education has shown a more open and confident posture on the international stage, and is more capable of participating in international scientific discoveries and research.
building a powerful country in education has been a dream that the chinese nation has dreamed of since modern times. we will keep in mind general secretary xi jinping’s instructions, anchor the overall goal of building a powerful country in education by 2035, write a new chapter in the construction of a powerful country in education with the strategic vision of cultivating people over a century, and the attitude of fighting among hundreds of rivals, and make more contributions to promoting chinese-style modernization. great contribution!
the 75th anniversary of the founding of the people's republic of china is coming soon. here, on behalf of the ministry of education, i would like to express my best wishes to friends from the media and all walks of life, wishing a happy holiday and wishing our motherland prosperity and development.
let me introduce it here first. thank you!
minister huai jinpeng, vice ministers wang jiayi, wu yan and wang guangyan answered reporters’ questions——
implement the spirit of the national education conference
cctv reporter from china central radio and television station:
the national education conference has made a series of new arrangements for building a powerful country in education. please introduce in detail how the ministry of education will implement the spirit of the conference and promote the implementation of these arrangements.
minister of education huai jinpeng:
thank you to the reporter from the main station for your question. i will answer this question.
as we all know, the third plenary session of the 20th central committee of the communist party of china established the integrated promotion of education, science and technology, and talent as an important foundation and support for improving the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system, and deployed the task of deepening comprehensive education reform. the convening of the national education conference has further deepened the implementation of the spirit of the third plenary session of the 20th central committee of the party, achieved the grand goal of chinese-style modernization established at the 20th national congress of the party, and clarified major tasks and strategic measures for the development of education. during this period of time, the entire education system is comprehensively studying, understanding, and publicizing the spirit of general secretary xi jinping’s important speech and the spirit of the national education conference, and promoting the implementation of the construction of an educational power as the “no. 1 project.” the ministry of education will thoroughly study and understand and fully communicate with local governments and departments to further build ideological consensus and jointly promote the construction of a strong educational country. at the same time, the ministry of education will make in-depth plans and implement the spirit of the national education conference, turn the grand blueprint into a road map, turn directions into methods, and effectively transform them into vivid practice in the education system to achieve the goal of strengthening the country through education. we often talk about learning, thinking and practice. we must first learn and understand clearly, and unify our thoughts and understandings with the central government’s decision-making and deployment on building an educational power. at the same time, we must understand and understand clearly, and realize theory and practice through continuous exploration and optimization. in combination, we use the strategic goal of strengthening the country through education to guide major tasks, major projects, and major initiatives to complete our work.
specifically, in the work, we will deploy and advance from three aspects.
the first is to make the political nature of education more evident.strengthening the party's overall leadership over education, implementing the project of cultivating moral character and cultivating people in the new era, and unswervingly implementing the fundamental task of cultivating moral character and cultivating people, are the primary projects in building a strong country in education. we will teach an introductory course on xi jinping thought on socialism with chinese characteristics for a new era, further promote the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools and primary schools, focus on using successful cases of great changes in the new era, and create a number of "big ideological and political course" brands. deepen the systematic physical and chemical research and interpretation of the party's innovative theory, and build a course teaching material system with xi jinping thought on socialism with chinese characteristics for a new era as the core content. improve the comprehensive training system of moral, intellectual, physical, artistic and labor, strengthen the synergy between science and technology education and humanistic education, cultivate students' scientific spirit, master scientific methods, continuously improve humanistic qualities, and enhance cultural confidence.
the second is to make the people’s attribute of education more distinct.currently, our country is advancing socialist modernization, and the social structure and population structure are changing. in order to more effectively adapt education to economic and social development, we will establish a basic public education service supply mechanism that is coordinated with population changes, promote the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education, promote the universalization of preschool education and the diversified development of high school schools. we will work hard to solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development and improve the universality, accessibility and convenience of educational public services. at the same time, the national education digitalization strategy will be implemented in depth, the level of public services for lifelong learning will be improved, and a learning society will be built. implement the action of building souls and strengthening teachers with the spirit of educators, establish a long-term mechanism for the construction of teacher ethics, promote teacher education in high-level universities, and cultivate a team of high-level teachers in the new era.
the third is to make the strategic attributes of education more prominent.over the past decade, china's higher education has made significant achievements and progress, occupying an important place in the world's higher education. in the process of building a powerful country in education, in order to adapt to the high-quality development of the economy and society, especially the promotion of chinese-style modernization, we will promote the reform of colleges and universities in categories, optimize the regional layout of higher education, especially by launching basic disciplines and interdisciplinary breakthrough plans, establishing scientific and technological innovation and talent training is an effective mechanism that supports each other and drives high-quality development of disciplines. this is an important measure for us to promote the integrated development of educational science and technology talents. at the same time, we will condense major scientific and technological issues from national strategic needs, continue to produce original and disruptive scientific and technological innovation results, put the cultivation of talents urgently needed for major national strategies in a prominent position, and accelerate the establishment of an industry driven by scientific and technological development and national strategic needs. establish adjustment mechanisms and talent training models for disciplines and majors to better strengthen the training of top innovative talents and improve the adaptation mechanism between talent training and the needs of economic and social development. vigorously promote the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities, layout and build regional technology transfer and transformation centers for universities across the country, and strengthen the construction of national university science and technology parks and international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation. deeply promote the high-level opening up of education to the outside world, coordinate the promotion of "bringing in" and "going out", and build an important education center with global influence.
adjust and optimize undergraduate majors
nanfang daily nanfang+ reporter:
we have noticed that some colleges and universities have recently adjusted their undergraduate majors. what are the main considerations behind these adjustments? in the process of promoting high-quality development of higher education, how to scientifically and rationally adjust and optimize the setting of undergraduate majors?
wu yan, vice minister of education:
let me answer this journalist friend’s question. we have two basic understandings of undergraduate education: one sentence is "talent training is the basis, undergraduate education is the root", and the other sentence is "if the undergraduate degree is not strong, the earth will shake." this shows that undergraduate education plays an irreplaceable and fundamental role in higher education. the reason why undergraduate education is important is that, looking upward, it is directly connected to graduate education and is responsible for providing excellent "rough materials" for graduate education; looking downward, it is directly connected to basic education, especially high school education, and its standards and directions directly affect the direction of basic education reform; looking outward, 80% of students in colleges and universities (bachelor's, master's and doctoral) are undergraduates. the quality of undergraduate training directly determines the quality, level and contribution of this main force. we also have two sentences on how to run an undergraduate degree well: one is "major is the basic unit of talent training", and the second sentence is "course is the core element of talent training." in a certain sense, teachers' teaching, students' learning, as well as courses, teaching materials, internships, experiments, practical training, etc., must be integrated on the platform of undergraduate majors. the party central committee, the state council, and the whole society are very concerned about undergraduate majors. to build a powerful country in education, the quality of undergraduate majors determines the quality of higher education.
there are now 1,308 undergraduate colleges and universities in the country. undergraduate majors include 12 categories, 93 majors, and 816 majors. there are 62,000 undergraduate majors nationwide. since the 18th national congress of the communist party of china, we have accelerated the adjustment and optimization of professional structure. let me inform you of two statistics: in the past 12 years, we have added 21,000 undergraduate majors and canceled or suspended 12,000 majors that are not suitable for economic and social development. we have carried out a restructuring of disciplines and majors that are large enough in number and strong enough in intensity. this year, we have added 1,673 professional positions that are urgently needed for national strategic needs, and canceled 1,670 professional positions that are not suitable for economic and social development. the intensity of adjustment should be said to be unprecedented.
next, we will follow the spirit of the third plenary session of the 20th central committee of the communist party of china and the national education conference to improve the adaptation mechanism between talent training and economic and social development needs, dynamically adjust the requirements of disciplines and majors, and work hard on three degrees of adaptability:
the first is to improve the degree of compatibility between undergraduate major construction and national strategies that are urgently needed.first of all, we must deepen the construction of the "four new", which refers to the construction of new engineering, new medicine, new agriculture, and new liberal arts. secondly, we should focus on the frontiers of science and technology and key national strategic areas, lay out emerging majors, and expand the distribution of urgently needed majors. in particular, we must improve the responsiveness of university majors and talent training to high-quality development, and cultivate national strategic talents and urgently needed talents in a more targeted manner.
second, we need to improve the adaptability of professional construction in universities, especially local universities, with regional development.at the beginning of this year, we carried out an assessment of the matching between university majors and regional development in heilongjiang, zhejiang, henan, chongqing, shaanxi and other provinces and cities. next year we will further expand the scope. through this initiative, we will actively promote local regions to combine regional development, especially the actual industrial development, to create advantageous and characteristic professional clusters, build a linkage development mechanism between higher education and industrial clusters, and better serve regional development.
third, we must improve the compatibility between undergraduate major construction and students' all-round development.we will use artificial intelligence to empower the construction of professional connotations, optimize talent training plans in a targeted manner, improve the knowledge map and competency map of various majors, and comprehensively improve the quality of education and teaching. promote colleges and universities to correctly grasp the relationship between knowledge learning and all-round development (the relationship between intellectual education and the "five educations" of moral, intellectual, physical, artistic, and labor), strengthen the cultivation of core competencies, and strive to cultivate new people of the era who have both political integrity and talent, are physically and mentally healthy, energetic, and pursue their dreams.
consolidate the results of “double reduction”
daily economic news reporter:
the "double reduction" policy has attracted everyone's attention since its introduction in july 2021. how has the implementation been in the past three years? what measures will be taken next to continue to consolidate the "double reduction"?
wang jiayi, vice minister of education:
thank you to this reporter for your concern about the "double reduction" work. "double reduction" is related to the healthy growth and all-round development of primary and secondary school students, and is of concern to the central government, society, and the masses. it can be said that "double reduction" is "a small incision, a big article".
over the past three years, the education system has conscientiously implemented the central government's deployment of "double reductions", with special emphasis on strengthening the role of schools as the main front, and solidly promoted the "double reductions" work, which can be summarized as "double reductions and double promotions." the first "drop" is the sharp decline in the number of subject training institutions in the compulsory education stage, and the disorderly development trend of large-scale subject training has been basically contained. the second "reduction" is the reduction of students' homework burden and off-campus training burden. the first "upgrade" is that more than 200,000 compulsory education schools across the country have generally launched after-school services. the proportion of students who voluntarily participate in after-school services has increased from about 50% before the "double reduction" to more than 90% currently. the second "upgrade" is the significant improvement in the quality of school teaching in the compulsory education stage.
in the next step, we will continue to consolidate the results of "double reduction" and create a good education ecosystem. it should be said that what was finally achieved was the "double addition" within the school. specifically, we will do a good job in four aspects:
the first is to expand resources and stabilize the "basic foundation" of classroom teaching quality in primary and secondary schools.we will thoroughly implement the action plan to expand and improve the quality of basic education, optimize the allocation of regional educational resources, strengthen the construction of a team of high-quality professional teachers, firmly promote the education digitalization strategy, and effectively expand the coverage of high-quality educational resources.
the second is to improve quality and activate the "internal motivation" of school education and teaching.through measures such as optimizing teaching methods, strengthening teaching management, and promoting technology empowerment, we will comprehensively improve the level of classroom teaching and ensure that teachers in the school can "teach enough to teach well" and students can "learn enough to learn well." continue to improve the school’s after-school service levels, especially to meet the diverse learning needs of students.
the third is to focus on practice and build a "big picture" of a comprehensive education system.comprehensively implement the requirements for practical education, thoroughly implement the science education quality improvement plan, strengthen disciplinary practice, interdisciplinary practice and comprehensive social practice, and cultivate students' exploratory and innovative thinking qualities.
the fourth is to strengthen supervision and create a good ecology of simultaneous governance inside and outside the school.improve the long-term normal mechanism for the management of off-campus training, strictly control subject-based training, strengthen the management of hidden variation training in subject-based training, standardize non-disciplinary training, and in particular, strictly investigate and deal with illegal and illegal training behaviors. strengthen the supervision of pre-charge fees of training institutions and resolutely curb excessive fees and excessive profit-seeking behavior.
minister of education huai jinpeng:
i would like to add two points. first, compulsory education is a state matter and is consistent throughout the world, especially regarding subject training. second, the purpose of promoting "double reduction" is "double improvement". we must better improve the educational effect and better improve the quality and balance of compulsory education.
cultivation of outstanding engineers
reporter from china education television:
engineering science and technology is an important force that affects the development of the world and the country. whether it is the "high-speed rail network" or the "shenzhou" flying sky, it has played a great role in our lives and made our lives better.we have noticed that in recent years, our country has made greater efforts in cultivating outstanding engineers. i would like to ask, what progress has been made so far, and what are the next steps?
minister of education huai jinpeng:
thank you journalist friend for your question. let me answer this question. excellent engineers are one of the four strategic talent forces determined by the central talent work conference on september 27, 2021. this meeting promoted the formation of a training program for outstanding engineers (internally called engineering masters and doctors). it should be said that the training of engineers has experienced long-term development since the founding of new china. facing the new situation, especially in the face of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, how to more effectively enhance new productivity, more effectively stimulate innovation vitality, better serve economic and social development, and realize chinese-style modernization, the ministry of education promotes the cultivation of outstanding engineers reform is of great significance.
as we all know, talent training includes not only the creation of knowledge and scientific discovery, but also the content of solving technological innovation, improving production capacity, and realizing the continuous development of products and services. the training goal of outstanding engineers is to achieve technological innovation as the basis, promote the integration of science and education, industry and education, promote iterative upgrading of industry, and achieve national strategic talents needed for high-quality economic and social development. from this perspective, outstanding engineers are an important task that focuses on national strategies, serves chinese-style modernization, strengthens international cooperation and exchanges, and cultivates talents. in particular, we see that outstanding engineers have become an important symbol of social development. in january this year, the party central committee and the state council used the "national engineer award" for the first time to commend engineers who have made outstanding contributions. the ministry of education has regarded accelerating the training of a large number of outstanding engineers as an important political task, giving play to the demonstration and leading role of "double first-class" universities, and solidly promoting industry through the integration of education and education, we will continue to promote the cultivation of top innovative talents, and use in-depth participation in innovation, promotion of industrial development and economic progress as the driving force to improve the quality of engineering master's and doctoral training. the main methods are as follows:
the first is to continuously deepen and reconstruct the engineer training system.i just said that the integration of industry and education is an important foundation and inevitable path for cultivating innovative talents, especially outstanding engineers. therefore, mobilizing the enthusiasm of both industry and universities is a very important system design and policy arrangement for us to solve this problem. under the unified guidance of the central organization department, the ministry of education, together with the state-owned assets supervision and administration commission, jointly supported "double first-class" universities and central enterprises to build two batches of 32 national colleges of excellence for engineers. at the same time, we have also combined the national strategic needs and jointly promoted and supported the construction of four national innovation institutes for outstanding engineers in beijing, shanghai, and the guangdong-hong kong-macao greater bay area through the three major innovation centers deployed in the country: beijing-tianjin-hebei, the yangtze river delta, and guangdong-hong kong-macao. through the design of such an organizational mechanism and structural network, the ministry of education also cooperates with the ministry of industry and information technology, the state-owned assets supervision and administration commission, the academy of engineering, and the china association for science and technology to support industry, academia, and research, and supports universities, enterprises, and national scientific research institutions to establish china's outstanding engineer training consortium. in this way, a network system and organizational structure composed of industry-university-research collaboration, national department collaboration, universities, local governments and research institutions are formed.
the second is to innovate the integration of industry and education training mechanism for engineers.as an innovative talent training, where should the focus of outstanding engineers be? from the enrollment to the training process, the curriculum system, the combination of tutors from industry and academia, from the evaluation standards to the effective transformation and definition of intellectual property rights are all very important. this is very important for us to establish a full chain of industry, academia and research. systematic and all-factor participation in the cultivation of high-quality talents has opened up an important path. in this aspect of work, how to give full play to the enthusiasm of schools and enterprises, how to promote joint enrollment, joint training, joint selection of topics, and sharing of results between schools and enterprises to achieve teacher-teacher communication, curriculum integration, platform integration, and policy smoothness, we call it " "through-through training" aims to cultivate talents and serve the country's economic and social construction. it should be said that the reform of this training mechanism is a basic requirement for higher education to actively adapt to the country's economic and social development and to adapt to china's modernization drive.
the third is to focus on breakthroughs in key aspects of training engineers.we organize "double first-class" universities, focus on 18 key areas, and work with enterprises to jointly build more than 200 core courses. like undergraduates, its core courses cannot just be knowledge, but should pay more attention to abilities, especially for important issues in the industry. how to form a new curriculum system, through such a curriculum system, practice system and innovation ability, and then help students new training methods are formed in the process of improving abilities and shaping quality. at the same time, in the process of team training, 32 national colleges of excellence for engineers have hired more than 20,000 teachers from enterprises. for the education system, this is an established, organized and targeted industry in graduate training and engineer training. important methods of academic-research cooperation, "double hiring" of tutors, "double selection" of teaching content, and course promotion methods are all important contents of innovation. after the degree law was promulgated, the basic requirements for engineering master's and doctoral degree applications were expanded to practice reports, patents and innovation achievements. this is an important breakthrough in the reform of our evaluation standard system and is suitable for promoting talent training and economic and social development. in terms of allocation, it provides a legal basis and ensures that the reform is well-founded in law. it has become an evaluation indicator for us to get rid of "paper-only" and use value contribution as an important basis for evaluation. companies are particularly encouraged and supported to propose topics and study them together with universities. over the past three years, there have been more than 5,000 real questions from the business world. what does it mean to cultivate talents through innovation? innovation is achieved in solving practical problems, and innovation in solving practical problems also realizes talent cultivation. we often say that problems are discovered through innovation, and talents are cultivated through problem solving. therefore, cultivating talents must be completed through solving practical problems.
in accordance with the work arrangement of "communication every half a year and summary every year", we will recently hold a promotion meeting for the integration of industry and education for outstanding engineers. the first batch of master's students have entered corporate internships, and doctoral students have entered industry. judging from the current situation, this purposeful and organized industry-university-research cooperation has important practical significance in promoting the cultivation of outstanding engineers. in this process, there will continue to be new issues that require us to study and think about in order to better adapt to industrial changes and better support the cultivation of new productive forces. we will also release china’s standards for training outstanding engineers, strengthen international cooperation, provide chinese solutions to the world’s engineering education, and contribute chinese wisdom.
establish a system that is consistent with demographic changes
basic public education service supply mechanism
china news service reporter:
i am more concerned about changes in demographic structure and allocation of educational resources. may i ask what considerations the ministry of education has in establishing a basic public education service supply mechanism that is coordinated with population changes?
wang guangyan, vice minister of education:
thank you to the reporter from china news service for your question. this question you raised is very important. it is a major issue related to the improvement of the quality of educational public services. as we all know, chinese-style modernization is a modernization with a huge population, and building an educational power is a strategic project for high-quality population development. in promoting the construction of a powerful country in education, this is what we focus on. the ministry of education conscientiously implements the decisions and arrangements of the party central committee, conducts in-depth research and judgment on the changing trends of my country's school-age population in the coming period, adheres to overall planning and comprehensive policy implementation, and continues to improve the overall planning and allocation mechanism of educational resources that adapts to population changes. specifically, there are the following aspects:
in terms of preschool education,the school-age population continues to shrink. the main problem facing the resource layout is structural contradictions. urban areas have insufficient inclusive resources, especially public resources, and rural areas have weak conditions for running kindergartens. we must focus on optimizing the distribution structure of inclusive resources, steadily increase the supply of public resources, optimize the allocation of teachers, and promote the universal and inclusive development of preschool education.
in terms of compulsory education,the number of primary school students has reached its peak in 2023, and the junior high school-age population continues to increase. the main problem faced by resource distribution is "crowded cities and weak rural areas". the tight supply of degrees in some urban areas coexists with the relative abundance of resources in rural areas. next, we must further optimize the layout of urban and rural schools, expand the supply of places with net inflow of school-age population, improve the conditions and management level of boarding schools, run necessary small rural schools, strengthen the standardization of compulsory education schools, and promote outstanding school principals we will coordinate the deployment, exchange and rotation of key teachers within the region, promote the widespread sharing of high-quality educational resources through educational digitalization, and promote high-quality and balanced development and urban-rural integration.
in terms of high school education,according to the changing trend of the school-age population, in terms of resource allocation, we must attach equal importance to new construction and tapping potential, and take overall consideration of the high pressure before the peak of the high school-age population and the relative relief after the peak. we must appropriately increase financial investment in education, guide and support local governments to coordinate and optimize the layout of ordinary high schools and secondary vocational schools, build, reconstruct and expand a number of high schools in counties with weak educational foundations and areas with concentrated population inflows, run comprehensive high schools well, and promote high school education. the school diversifies and develops. at the same time, all localities are encouraged to increase resource coordination and open up and use educational resources at various school stages according to local conditions. this is an important direction for the allocation of educational resources in the future.
in terms of higher education,according to predictions, the school-age population will continue to increase until 2032. at present, the popularization level of higher education in my country is in a stage of steady improvement. the gross enrollment rate of higher education has reached more than 60%, entering the stage of universalization. in the future, the demand for degrees will continue to expand. it is necessary to tap the potential and expand capacity through the renovation and expansion of existing universities and new ones. we will establish colleges and universities and other means to expand higher education resources and effectively ensure the people's access to education. at the same time, we must also support the "double first-class" construction of universities to expand their education space, build a number of high-level research universities appropriately, encourage foreign high-level science and engineering universities to cooperate in running schools in china, and continuously increase the supply of high-quality resources. continue to implement the national support for enrollment cooperation plan in the central and western regions and the special plan for key universities to recruit students from rural and poverty-stricken areas to better promote equity in admission opportunities.
comprehensive and healthy growth of students
southern metropolis daily n video reporter:
we have noticed that some districts have increased the time for recess activities in primary and secondary schools from 10 minutes to 15 minutes in the new semester.please tell me, what are the next steps for the ministry of education to promote the comprehensive and healthy growth of students?
wang jiayi, vice minister of education:
thank you for the reporter's question. let me answer this question. thank you for your concern about such a very specific issue between primary and secondary school classes. you are very sensitive.
the healthy growth and all-round development of children and adolescents is the most important concern of every family, the simplest wish of parents, and the warmest concern in the heart of general secretary xi jinping. the general secretary has emphasized many times that young people must "civilize their spirits and barbarize their bodies". he has also repeatedly emphasized that "the cultivation of students' ideals and beliefs, moral character, knowledge, intelligence, physical and psychological qualities and other aspects is indispensable."
just now i talked about the length of recess from 10 minutes to 15 minutes. although it is a "small incision" and a specific small issue, it is of great significance. it extends the form and content of the "five educations", that is, moral education, intellectual education, physical education, aesthetic education, and labor education embody the educational orientation centered on student development, paying more attention to the all-round development of students.
in the next step, we will conscientiously implement the spirit of general secretary xi jinping’s important instructions and the spirit of the national education conference, closely focus on the fundamental task of building moral education and cultivating people, and put the promotion of students’ comprehensive and healthy growth in the first place, especially taking physical and mental health as the breakthrough point , further strengthen the comprehensive development of moral education, intellectual education, physical education, aesthetic education, and labor education, and cultivate generations of socialist builders and successors.
in terms of top-level design, we will further improve the comprehensive training system of moral, intellectual, physical, artistic and labor education.persevere in educating people with xi jinping thought on socialism with chinese characteristics for a new era, and promote the integrated reform and innovation of ideological and political courses in universities, middle schools and primary schools. we will also continue to implement the aesthetic education infiltration plan, the work habit development plan, the youth reading campaign, etc. to promote the all-round development of students. at the same time, further strengthen disciplinary practice, interdisciplinary practice and comprehensive social practice, promote the integration of students' learning and thinking, and the integration of knowledge and action, so that students can learn to survive and live, and adapt to the needs of society and future development.
in terms of key links, "health first" should be implemented in detail.implement student physical fitness plans, mental health promotion actions, etc. to ensure that primary and secondary school students have no less than two hours of comprehensive physical activity every day, guarantee one physical education class every day, and exercise for another hour after class, guarantee two hours a day, and comprehensively cultivate students positive psychological qualities. in our opinion, extending the recess time is an effective starting point to implement the concept of "health first". it allows children to move, run and be active, especially to allow children to see more sunshine, run more and more in the sun. exercise and breathe more fresh air to keep them sweaty and bright in their eyes. through various efforts, we strive to solve problems such as "small glasses" and "little chubby", so that students can be healthier and brighter.
in terms of institutional guarantees, we will solidly promote collaborative education between schools, families, and society.the comprehensive and healthy growth of students is the common responsibility of the whole society and requires close cooperation among schools, families and society. we will further improve the collaborative education mechanism between school, home and society, take the construction of "education alliance" as the starting point, mobilize department resources, coordinate social forces, and promote the mutual promotion of medicine and education, the mutual integration of sports and education, the interaction between home and school, and the coexistence of social education and education. strengthen cooperation among other aspects and jointly shoulder the important responsibility for the all-round development and healthy growth of students.
integration of vocational education and education, integration of industry and education
reporter from china central radio and television station:
my question is about vocational education, and i believe everyone is also paying close attention to it.we know that vocational education is fertile ground for cultivating craftsmen.i would like to ask how the ministry of education will further promote the integration of vocational education and general education, the integration of industry and education, and cultivate more craftsmen, skilled craftsmen and highly skilled talents in the country?
wu yan, vice minister of education:
i'd love to answer your question. everyone knows that to promote chinese-style modernization, we must build a modern industrial system, and in building a modern industrial system, there is a hurdle that must be overcome, which is new industrialization. to promote new industrialization, we must have a sufficient number of high-quality and high-skilled talents. therefore, the report of the 20th national congress of the communist party of china included great craftsmen and highly skilled talents into the national strategic talent force. here, i would like to inform you of a set of data: vocational education produces more than 10 million graduates every year; in recent years, more than 70% of the new front-line employees in modern manufacturing, strategic emerging industries and modern service industries come from vocational colleges school. among the 40 "artisans of the year" selected by the all-china federation of trade unions in the past four years, 32 have graduated from vocational colleges. of the 30 china skills award winners selected in 2022, 18 graduated from vocational colleges. it can be seen from these data that vocational colleges are indeed the main battlefield for cultivating craftsmen, skilled craftsmen, and highly skilled talents.
general secretary xi jinping pointed out at the national education conference that we should build a vocational education system that integrates vocational education with general education and industry and education, and vigorously cultivate great craftsmen, skilled craftsmen, and highly skilled talents. in the next step, we must focus on four things.
the first is to promote universal employment integration.implement labor education and vocational enlightenment education in ordinary primary and secondary schools, and open vocational experience and skills courses to cultivate students' interests and hobbies in mastering skills from an early age. in high school education, build a number of comprehensive high schools. promote mutual selection of courses and mutual recognition of credits between secondary vocational schools and ordinary high schools. further improve the content and form of the vocational education college entrance examination, optimize the connection training model between secondary vocational schools and higher vocational schools, vocational education undergraduates, and applied undergraduate schools, and provide diversified paths for students to grow and become talents.
the second is to deepen the integration of industry and education.strengthen "one body" (the construction of a provincial modern vocational education system) and build a strong "two wings" (municipal industry-education consortium and industry-industry-education integration community). promote "four cooperations" (cooperative education, cooperative education, cooperative employment, and cooperative development) in government, industry, academia, and research to improve the close integration of skilled talent training with the local economy and the degree of compatibility with the development needs of industry enterprises.
the third is to improve school-running capabilities and training quality.aiming at technological changes and industrial upgrading, we will deepen the integration of industry and education, systematically promote the reform of key elements such as majors, courses, teaching materials, teachers, and internship training bases, strengthen the construction of "hardware", and create "gold majors, gold courses, gold teachers, gemdale, "golden textbook".
the fourth is to create a good environment.we should vigorously promote the spirit of model workers, the spirit of labor and the spirit of craftsman, and create a trend of the times in the whole society of "glorious labor, valuable skills, and great creation". let "a skill in hand, a worry-free life" be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, make vocational education more beautiful, and cultivate more great craftsmen, skilled craftsmen and high-skilled talents for chinese-style modernization.
innovation of science and technology system in colleges and universities
reporter from hong kong bauhinia magazine:
what measures will the ministry of education take to further promote the innovation of science and technology systems and mechanisms in colleges and universities, so that more scientific and technological achievements can be transformed as soon as possible and serve new quality productivity?
minister of education huai jinpeng:
thank you for your question. the reform of the science and technology system is a very important content of the national science and technology conference held in the first half of the year. let me answer this question.
as we all know, the third plenary session of the 20th central committee of the communist party of china regarded educational science and technology talents as an important support for the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system. the 20th national congress of the party for the first time deployed educational science and technology talents as an integral part to promote chinese-style modernization.
there are inevitable reasons why the innovation of science and technology systems in colleges and universities and the promotion of achievement transformation have attracted great attention from everyone and society. first of all, in any country, the quality and capabilities of universities are the most valuable resources. because universities, firstly, can produce innovative and creative results, secondly, they can cultivate high-quality talents, and thirdly, they can continuously transform technology and serve social development. at the same time, the achievement transformation and technology transfer of universities are global problems and issues of common concern. with the accelerated evolution of technological revolution and industrial transformation, this has become an important content that the whole society is increasingly concerned about. education is an important part of promoting innovation and building a modern country, and is also the key to cultivating new quality productive forces. universities shoulder the responsibility of cultivating talents and also have the important attributes of creating knowledge and creating value. high-level research universities are the main force of national basic research and the source of major scientific and technological breakthroughs. the education system shoulders an indispensable and important responsibility.
knowledge creation is the source of technology transfer and achievement transformation, and china's higher education has achieved important results in this regard. since the 18th national congress of the communist party of china, 70% of the national natural science awards and 70% of the technical invention awards have come from universities, reflecting the role of universities as the main force and source of innovation. at the same time, we have seen a number of important results, such as small chemical molecules inducing reprogramming of human cells. as we all know, the rapid development of life sciences is of great significance to human health and the treatment of major diseases in modern society; the national weapon "sky whale" "blowing sand and reclamation has made important contributions to marine engineering; the world's first fourth-generation nuclear power plant has been put into commercial operation. the examples i gave above illustrate that breakthroughs in basic research are extremely important for future life sciences, medicine and health, major projects, and national innovation and industrial development. therefore, universities should play a more important role in basic research, technology transfer and achievement transformation. the ministry of education combines the development of higher education with the construction of science centers and innovation hubs:
firstit is the source of living water i talked about earlier. we will support universities to develop more effectively through basic disciplines and interdisciplinary breakthrough plans. as we all know, basic research requires sitting on the bench, putting in a lot of "stupid effort", and doing long-term research and accumulation. to evaluate this aspect, opportunities and time should be given to the system. only by ensuring the source of living water can we have subsequent technology transfer and achievement transformation. this requires us to use the combination of science and education in major tasks as the "engine" and integrate it into interdisciplinary and basic research to create the source of original and disruptive innovation.
secondit is technology transfer and transformation. just now a reporter friend asked about the cultivation of outstanding engineers. students have mastered good knowledge and skills. when problems are discovered in practice, they can effectively use their existing knowledge to solve them. for example, when i went to do research at the beginning of the year, a student said that he saw fractures and fatigue in large mechanical devices in practice. he used the optical knowledge he had learned to quickly provide new judgment methods, so in a considerable part of technology transfer and the transformation of results is the combination of existing knowledge and practical problems. we also encourage the second "stupid effort". this "stupid effort" is not to look for methods everywhere, but to find problems in practice, projects, and products, solve them, and achieve innovation. technology transfer and achievement transformation require not only the effective combination of existing knowledge and practical problems, but also the integration of innovative results and industrial needs. in this regard, the ministry of education is establishing effective mechanisms to create a good ecology. not long ago, we worked with jiangsu province to promote the construction of regional technology transfer and transformation centers for universities across the country. local governments are motivated and willing to build this platform to attract universities to focus on advantageous industries such as biomedicine, information and communications, and advanced materials, and combine industrial development with regional innovation. , and combined with the national strategy, combining the supply side and demand side of existing results, integrating industry, academia and research, and at the same time gathering investment and government public policy platforms to establish regional centers. we are also strengthening the optimization and reshaping of the national university science and technology park to establish an overall network. this is a worldwide issue. in exploring technology transfer and achievement transformation, we organically combine talent training, problem discovery and ecological establishment. we expect universities to play a more important role in creating value and serving economic and social development.
thirdin order to realize the source of basic research, we will support and encourage a group of young teachers to go deep into long-term basic research and interdisciplinary research, make full efforts, conduct thorough research, and realize the discovery of creative knowledge in the future. in this regard, we will support long-term scientific projects, support technology transfer and achievement transformation in the reform and optimization of the evaluation system, and also do such work in external cooperation and development. in recent years, a considerable part of the innovation and entrepreneurship activities of college students and industry-university-research cooperation that we have promoted have combined knowledge structures with practical problems, discovered new opportunities and spaces from social practice, and achieved good results. we hope to combine the innovation and entrepreneurship of college students with the construction of university science parks, technology transfer centers, and advanced research institutes, organically combine regional industrial development needs with our supply, and strengthen the reform of the evaluation mechanism. this is the most typical and important work that we continue to exert and explore in promoting the integrated deployment of educational technology talents. so far, there is no set mechanism, but we are trying to take these steps to first establish a structure and form an ecosystem to further enhance the motivation, vitality, and development competitiveness of technology transfer and achievement transformation in universities.
national education digitalization strategic action
china youth daily reporter:
the ministry of education continues to promote the national education digitalization strategic action. what important results have been achieved in the past three years? how can we further promote and build this learning society in the future? what substantive measures are there?
wang guangyan, vice minister of education:
thank you to the reporter from china youth daily for your question. the digitalization of education is an important breakthrough for my country to open up a new track for educational development and create new advantages in educational development. over the past three years, the ministry of education has deeply implemented the national digital strategic actions. we have proposed to adhere to the general policy of application as king and governance as foundation, and follow the "3c" of connection first, content first, and cooperation to move towards the current integrated, intelligent we will build a national smart education platform through the "3i" of globalization and internationalization, expand the sharing of high-quality educational resources, promote education reform and innovation, and transform the institutional and scale advantages of china's education into the effectiveness of high-quality education development.
at present, the overlap of time and space in high-quality classrooms can be seen everywhere, high-quality courses are accessible across mountains and seas, and the integration and large-scale application of resources can truly benefit teachers and students. to give you an example, last week i went on a business trip to kashgar, xinjiang, and visited a primary school. this school made full use of the national smart education platform. the teachers used the platform to prepare and teach mathematics classes very conveniently. the principal also introduced that every teacher in the school can skillfully use the platform to carry out training, learning and class discussions, etc., which made me deeply feel that the national smart education platform has expanded the scope of benefits from high-quality resources, which is important for improving the quality of weak schools and further promoting educational fairness is of great significance.
through three years of continuous iterative upgrades, the contribution of china’s education digitalization to world education has also been significantly enhanced. this is not only a new track, new momentum and new advantage for our educational development, but also puts us at the forefront of digital education reform on an international scale. taking a set of data, china’s ranking in the global digital education development index jumped from 24th to 9th. this achievement is very significant. the national platform has been visited more than 50 billion times, with users covering more than 200 countries and regions. it has become the world's largest educational resource digital center and service platform, and won the highest award for education informatization from unesco - hamad germany. king award.
standing at a new historical starting point in building an educational power, we must further strengthen planning and innovative policy supply, fully unleash the powerful momentum of educational digitalization to open up new development tracks and shape new development advantages, and explore the use of digital empowerment to teach students in accordance with their aptitude on a large scale and innovatively. effective way of teaching. next, we will advance work in five aspects.
in terms of deepening institutional reform,formulate guidance on accelerating the digitalization of education, adapt to the development laws of different types of education, ensure the effective connection and operation of national and local platforms, build a government-led, multi-party participation incentive mechanism for resource supply and application, and establish standardized sharing and effective empowerment. a series of long-term mechanisms such as the big data development mechanism. therefore, establishing a mechanism should be given top priority.
in terms of platform resource construction,adhere to application as king, build and make good use of the national smart education platform, deepen the pilot application of the platform in all areas, vigorously promote integration and interoperability, improve the resource supply pattern, and continuously meet the individual needs of teachers and students at all levels and types of schools.
in terms of empowering the construction of a learning society,create a public education service platform for lifelong learning, and in accordance with the deployment of the national education conference, build a lifelong learning system based on the qualifications framework, with the credit bank as the platform, and focusing on the certification of learning results, and promote a learning society through digital empowerment construction and lifelong education development.
in terms of artificial intelligence,give full play to the role of the "golden key" of artificial intelligence, deeply implement artificial intelligence-empowered education actions, establish an educational evaluation and scientific decision-making system based on big data and artificial intelligence support, enhance the digital literacy of teachers and students, and facilitate educational reform.
at last,it is necessary to continuously increase openness and cooperation to the outside world, actively promote international exchanges in digital education, continue to hold the world digital education conference, accelerate the construction of the international version of the national smart education platform, and promote the chinese digital education program to the world.
education open to the outside world
phoenix tv reporter:
we are more concerned about the opening up of education to the outside world. the national education conference proposed that we should further promote the opening up of education to the outside world and coordinate "bringing in" and "going out". in the next step, to promote the opening up of high-level education to the outside world, what important measures will be taken in terms of "bringing in" and "going out"?
wu yan, vice minister of education:
since the 18th national congress of the communist party of china, the international influence of china’s education has increased significantly, and there are three very encouraging indicators. first, china’s education circle of friends has expanded, and educational cooperation and exchanges have been carried out with various countries around the world. 85 countries have incorporated chinese into their national education systems, and the number of international chinese learners and users has exceeded 200 million. we have cooperated to build more than 30 "luban workshops" internationally, which are very popular. second, the attractiveness of chinese education has become stronger. international students from 195 countries and regions come to china to study. among them, the proportion of academic degree students increased to more than 60%. third, the contribution of china’s education has increased. we cooperate with unesco and many international organizations around the world. for example, the unesco stem education institute is located in shanghai, china. this is unesco’s first global first-category center outside europe and the united states. also, at the just-held china-africa summit, president xi jinping announced that 10 "luban workshops" will be built in africa in the future. china and african countries' unesco held a dialogue on education and heritage protection to jointly promote education 2030. contribute to international goals.
in the next step, we will focus on two major articles.
the first big article, unswervingly "bringing in".first, at the school level, make effective use of world-class educational resources and innovative elements, bring in the best foreign universities, especially universities of science and engineering, and cooperate with them to carry out high-level sino-foreign cooperative education. the second is to strengthen the brand and capacity building of "study in china" at the level of international students, especially "double first-class" universities, to attract outstanding overseas talents to study and exchange in china, and to enhance the ability to cultivate and gather important talents in the world. third, in terms of youth exchanges, we will open 800 key international summer school projects in the next three years, invite 50,000 american teenagers to exchange in china in the next five years, and invite 10,000 french teenagers to exchange in china and europe in the next three years. the number of young people visiting china for exchanges has doubled. allow chinese youth and youth around the world to interact in depth and further consolidate the foundation of people-to-people bonds.
the second big article is about "going out" calmly.further enhance the global appeal, influence and shaping power of chinese education. first, in terms of higher education, promote the overseas study of higher education, adhere to the study abroad policy of "supporting study abroad, encouraging return to the country, freedom of movement, and playing a role", and encourage students to study abroad. continuously improve the national comprehensive platform for overseas students, especially promote engineering education and medical education, which we have comparative advantages in the world, to run schools overseas, so that professional standards in related disciplines can "go abroad." the second is to promote vocational education overseas in terms of vocational education. we will hold the world vocational and technical education development conference, the world vocational school skills competition and the world vocational and technical education exhibition. we must establish the first world vocational and technical education awards, establish the world vocational and technical education development alliance, promote high-quality “belt and road” vocational education cooperation, and support chinese vocational colleges in orderly developing overseas schools. the third is to promote the steady expansion of china's digital education overseas and successfully organize the world digital education conference and the world mooc and online education conference. develop and expand the world digital education alliance, release the global digital education development index and demonstration cases, promote the international version of the smart education public service platform to the world, let china's high-quality mooc resources go abroad, and let china's digital education steadily stand in the world occupy the commanding heights and have the right to speak in the next round of education development.
finally, our country's universities have taken the lead in launching two major international science projects. the "deep time digital earth" project has the participation of scientists from more than 100 countries, and the "ocean negative emissions" project has the participation of scientists from more than 30 countries. these two major scientific projects are great contributions to mankind and will provide chinese solutions to the challenges faced by mankind and contribute china's strength. we will confidently open up education to the outside world in a bigger and better way.
minister of education huai jinpeng:
let me add a few more words. it is very rare to communicate with friends from the media today. the national education conference issued a mobilization order to build a strong education country in 2035. this is our ambitious goal and direction of efforts in the next 11 years. achieving chinese-style modernization will bring historical opportunities to build a powerful country in education. but we are also well aware that there are still many difficulties and challenges in building a powerful country in education. it has both systematic leaps and more qualitative changes, which require us to continue to study in depth. there are two points that are beyond doubt. one is to unswervingly promote the high-quality development of education and serve the construction of a modern and powerful country. the second is to unswervingly open up to the outside world and promote cooperation between china’s education and other countries around the world. people-to-people and cultural exchanges and educational cooperation are important aspects of china's opening up to the outside world, opening its doors to the outside world, and continuously promoting national development.
we are willing to work with other countries around the world to make our efforts in educational cooperation and development, innovation capacity building, and cultural exchanges. thank you to friends from the news media. the 75th anniversary of the people’s republic of china is coming soon. i wish you all a happy holiday in advance. i hope you will pay more attention to education, support education, make plans, make criticisms and suggestions for the development of education. thank you!
artschapter source: comprehensive ziweiyan education, "china education news", page 2, september 27, 2024 (author:china education news reporter gao yizhe）
image source: china net, guoxin net
this article is only for conveying information. if there is any inappropriate use of resources such as articles/pictures/audio and video, please contact china education news network.
editor of this issue: peng shiyun
