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for decades, the saab 105 small attack/trainer aircraft has been training fighter pilots for the swedish air force and taking on low-intensity ground attack missions. it can also perform reconnaissance, target towing, liaison and other miscellaneous tasks. in july 2024, this old model aircraft was finally retired from the swedish air force, and its only export user is austria.

the saab 105 was born in the early 1960s. from the beginning, the aircraft was designed for dual-use in military and civilian applications. it uses a unique single trapezoidal straight main wing and a t-tail. unlike most trainer aircraft, the saab 105 uses side-by-side double seats, which is conducive to the interaction between trainees and trainers. its cockpit is very spacious and has a wide field of vision. a french-made turboméca aubisque turbofan engine is installed on each side of the fuselage, with a single thrust of only 1,642 pounds. the saab 105 is an aircraft with excellent performance, simple structure, low cost, and easy maintenance. it has high reliability and flexibility, can adapt to different climate and terrain conditions, and is a successful trainer/attack aircraft design.

if used for military training, the cockpit can be equipped with an ejection seat. if used for other roles, the space for two ejection seats can accommodate four standard passenger seats, which is also the uniqueness of the saab 105. the swedish air force began ordering saab 105s in 1964, divided into three models: a/b/c. type a is used for training and communication, type b is used for ground attack, and type c is a dual-purpose attack/reconnaissance platform.

the maximum load that the saab 105b can carry is over 4,400 pounds. the six underwing pylons can carry machine gun pods, rocket launchers, napalm bombs, and sidewinder air-to-air combat missiles for self-defense. the saab 105b is also equipped with a dedicated weapon fire control sight. the saab 105c is equipped with a reconnaissance camera at the extended nose, and the c type can also perform simple ground attack missions. all three models of the saab 105 can be equipped with doppler radar, inertial navigation system, gyroscopic sight, ballistic computer, transponder and other diversified electronic equipment. the swedish air force's aerobatic team introduced six saab 105s as performance aircraft in the 1970s, performing flight shows across europe and displaying various exquisite flying maneuvers.

the saab 105d was an unsuccessful civilian model, mainly used for personnel transportation. the saab 105e was used to train civil aviation pilots, who also served as military reserve officers. the saab 105h was a version planned for export to the swiss air force, but ultimately lost the bid. the saab 105s was a version planned for export to the finnish air force, which also failed.

austria once introduced 40 saab 105ö export models in 1972, and the last batch was retired in december 2020. the saab 105ö uses a more powerful general electric j85 engine, which is also used in the famous f-5 freedom fighter fighter. austria's saab 105e is equipped with four atmospheric sampling pods that can collect aerial samples to study radioactive or other pollutants.

since 2009, saab has started upgrading the remaining saab 105 a/b/c, including replacing new avionics systems and adding gps navigation equipment, so that it is easier to train pilots for gripen c/d and even gripen e/f fighters. after austria retired its saab 105 in september 2020, the swedish air force also tried to find a replacement for the saab 105, but failed to find a more suitable model than the saab 105, which also shows the unique value of the saab 105 within the swedish air force, so the saab 105 served for a few more years.

starting from 2023, the swedish air force's training mode will be changed to basic flight training with grob g120tp propeller aircraft. fighter pilots will go to the italian air force international flight training school for training, transport pilots will go to the us navy for training, and helicopter pilots will go to germany for training. i don't understand why the swedish air force wants to do this. there must be something unique about sending different types of pilots to other countries for training. it is not clear whether the swedish air force will introduce more advanced jet trainers and recall pilots to the country for training.

the saab 105 will completely become history. although this small aircraft is inconspicuous, it has made important contributions to the growth of the swedish air force.

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