new energy vehicle companies usher in a peak in employment
2024-09-04
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source: people's daily overseas edition
in recent years, chongqing has accelerated the transformation and upgrading of the automobile industry towards new energy, intelligent networking, high-end and green. the picture shows workers working in an orderly manner in the assembly workshop of the seres phoenix smart factory not long ago.photo by sun kaifang (people's vision)
the transformation of commercial vehicles towards new energy has brought a lot of new employment needs. the picture shows workers working hard in a byd production workshop in huai'an, jiangsu province on august 26 to produce new energy commercial vehicles for domestic and overseas market customers.photo by zhao qirui (people's vision)
recently, a recruitment notice has attracted widespread attention: byd zhengzhou base has started large-scale recruitment, among which front-line operators are the most in short supply.
according to the ministry of industry and information technology, by 2025, the talent gap in china's new energy vehicle industry will reach 1.03 million. what are the characteristics of the labor demand in the new energy vehicle field? why is there a shortage of general workers in highly automated factories? our reporter conducted an interview on this.
new energy vehicles have a huge demand for workers
——it is estimated that by 2025, there will be a talent shortage of 1.03 million people in the field of energy-saving and new energy vehicles, including a large number of front-line operators.
recently, byd zhengzhou base launched the second large-scale recruitment in 2024. the recruitment brochure shows that the recruitment scale is as high as 4,000 people, all positions are directly recruited, and most employees will work in byd's 11th business unit, with a monthly salary range of 5,000-9,000 yuan.
among them, front-line operators are the most in short supply, and their work involves using auxiliary equipment to perform simple assembly of products. in terms of salary level, the monthly salary of ordinary front-line operators is about 7,000 yuan, while the monthly income of positions with certain technical requirements such as forklifts and fitters can be as high as over 10,000 yuan.
zhang chenggang, associate professor at the school of labor economics of capital university of economics and business, told reporters: "byd's recruitment this time is large in scale, and the salary level for recruiting general workers is leading in zhengzhou. such a salary level is conducive to attracting more workers to join."
in fact, it is not uncommon for new energy vehicle companies to recruit general workers on a large scale. in the first half of this year, the xiaomi auto super factory in yizhuang, beijing, started double-shift production and also recruited a large number of general workers. xiaomi auto recruitment information shows that the wages of recruited workers are generally higher than the current situation in the industry. the salary includes basic salary, performance, meal allowance, night allowance and overtime pay. the comprehensive monthly salary is about 8,000 yuan, and some positions can earn more than 10,000 yuan a month. at the same time, companies also provide multiple benefits such as year-end bonuses, full coverage of five insurances after regularization, and high temperature subsidies. according to the data from the zhaopin recruitment platform, from january to july this year, the average recruitment salary for general workers/technicians on its platform was 6,887 yuan. overall, the salary and benefits of general workers in the new energy vehicle industry are higher.
the rapidly developing new energy vehicle industry is releasing a large number of jobs. the "manufacturing talent development planning guide" issued by the ministry of industry and information technology shows that the total number of talents in the energy-saving and new energy vehicle field was 170,000 in 2015, and the total number of talents is expected to be 1.2 million in 2025, and the talent gap is expected to be 1.03 million in 2025. according to the data from zhilian recruitment platform, from january to july this year, the number of recruitment positions for general workers/technicians in the new energy vehicle industry accounted for 38.2%, an increase of 91.2% year-on-year.
take byd as an example. in august this year, two on-site job fairs were held in the shenzhen-shantou special cooperation zone to recruit more than 300 skilled workers for the automotive accessories factory of the shenzhen-shantou byd automotive industrial park phase ii project, involving positions such as product assemblers, injection molding workers, surface treatment workers, coating workers, and glue sprayers, with a monthly income of 6,000 to 10,000 yuan, and accommodation and canteens are provided. at present, some factories in the shenzhen-shantou byd automotive industrial park phase ii have achieved single-shift production, and it is expected to provide 36,000 jobs. byd zhengzhou base is expected to recruit at least 3,000 people in september.
the production line is busy, freeing up front-line positions
——more new factories and expanded production scale, july to september each year is the peak period for manufacturing employment
at present, byd zhengzhou base rolls off a new energy vehicle in less than one minute and a power battery cell in 30 seconds. the production line is highly automated and intelligent. why does such a factory recruit a large number of front-line operators?
the new energy vehicle industry is developing well, with more and more factories opening and more jobs emerging.
the level of automation in new energy vehicle companies is getting higher and higher, and the number of front-line workers required in factories of the same production scale is decreasing. however, with the rapid expansion of the industry, the overall number of new energy vehicle factories and the overall scale of factories have expanded significantly. every new factory will generate new jobs, including both scientific and technical personnel and ordinary operators.
the reporter learned that byd zhengzhou base has a total of three phases of projects, of which the planned production capacity of the first phase is 400,000 vehicles. at present, the first and second phase factories have been put into production, and the third phase factory is under construction. looking at the employment, there are 36,000 workers in the zhengzhou base. after full production, the total employment will increase to 50,000 people, and the ratio of the number of front-line operators to skilled workers is about 1:1. this means that the employment of various types of work is increasing. other car companies are similar. on august 21, gac aion changsha smart ecological factory was officially completed and put into production, with an estimated annual output of 200,000 vehicles. in june, farasis energy guangzhou base was put into production, and it is expected to have the supporting capacity of 600,000 electric vehicle power batteries after reaching full production in 2025. at the end of last year, volkswagen group's first wholly-owned battery pack production plant in china was put into production in hefei. these factories require a considerable number of workers.
orders are increasing rapidly, production lines are getting busier, and more front-line workers are needed.
byd zhengzhou factory is an important production base for song ldm-i, song pro, haibao dm-i, leopard 5 and other models. as these models are hot-selling and market demand increases, the factory urgently needs to expand its production capacity, and the demand for front-line operators has increased. looking at the overall situation, the average annual compound growth rate of sales in china's new energy vehicle industry from 2012 to 2023 reached 82.1%, and production and sales ranked first in the world for 9 consecutive years. in the first half of this year, china's new energy vehicle production and sales totaled 4.929 million and 4.944 million, up 30.1% and 32% year-on-year respectively. the expansion of production scale requires more labor to meet production needs, including a large number of general workers.
in addition, zhang chenggang introduced that due to the influence of the consumption cycle, july to september each year is the peak employment period for chinese manufacturing companies. in order to complete orders on time and meet market demand, companies compete fiercely for workers, so new jobs will emerge during this stage.
zhang chenggang said that in factories with a high degree of automation, the work intensity and working environment of front-line workers have changed greatly compared with the past. at present, the main work of front-line general workers in new energy vehicle companies is auxiliary assembly, equipment inspection and maintenance, etc., and a certain number of general workers are also needed in packaging, safety inspection, etc. this type of front-line workers does not require such high physical strength, but has higher requirements on the workers' education level and skill level. companies will also provide professional training after recruitment.
industry-education integration fills the talent gap
——local governments have introduced supporting policies and carried out skills training to increase the supply of skilled workers
the large-scale recruitment by new energy vehicle companies is indirect evidence of the positive development of china's new energy vehicle industry.
"new energy vehicles have become one of the three new exports of my country, with sufficient orders and a large demand for labor. at the same time, compared with consumer electronics products, workers in the automotive manufacturing field, including front-line workers, need a certain level of skills, so recruitment is relatively more difficult." this is also a positive performance of the development of china's new energy vehicle industry. experts believe that the 1.03 million gap highlights the rapid development of the new energy industry and the urgency of talent training, and also represents the unlimited development opportunities and future of the new energy industry. at present, all links in the new energy vehicle industry chain, including research and development, production, sales, and services, are facing a large demand for talent.
how to fill the talent gap?
at the chongqing industrial vocational and technical college new energy vehicle technology industry-education integration training base, teachers guide students to become familiar with the structural principles of new energy vehicles and intelligent networked vehicles through demonstrations and demonstrations, and students learn skills such as vehicle assembly and maintenance through practical operations. this is the chongqing intelligent networked new energy vehicle industry-education consortium jointly initiated by local governments, schools and enterprises.
the integration of industry and education is a key way to solve the talent gap in the new energy industry. the "manufacturing talent development planning guide" proposes to study and formulate (revise) professional teaching standards for higher vocational education such as mechanical design and manufacturing, automation, and automobile manufacturing. a number of demonstration majors in vocational colleges will be selected and established in the fields of high-end equipment, information technology, and new energy vehicles.
in april this year, the national intelligent new energy vehicle aftermarket industry-education integration community was established, aiming to integrate high-quality industry resources, build an intelligent new energy vehicle aftermarket vocational education platform that integrates industry and education, and establish an industry-education supply-demand docking mechanism. currently, more than 100 vocational colleges, upstream and downstream enterprises, scientific research institutions, and industry organizations have participated.
many places have introduced relevant support policies in response to the employment needs of new energy vehicle talents. for example, chongqing has made active explorations in improving the ability of colleges and universities to serve the development of industries such as intelligent networked new energy vehicles, and issued documents such as the "overall plan for the construction of chongqing modern industrial colleges" to guide colleges and universities to serve industrial development. the guangdong-hong kong-macao greater bay area has formulated the "bay area standard" in the automotive field to promote the exchange of skilled talents.
wang xiaoping, minister of human resources and social security, has previously stated that fully improving employment skills is the key to solving structural employment contradictions. in recent years, the government has carried out subsidized vocational skills training for more than 18 million people each year, effectively increasing the supply of skilled labor.
"relying on the development of the human resources service industry, especially the continuous improvement of digitalization, the efficiency of job matching will be further improved, which can alleviate the labor shortage in the industry to a certain extent." zhang chenggang said that in the long run, it is still necessary to strengthen the skills training of workers to meet the talent needs of the new energy vehicle industry. (reporter xu peiyu)
people's daily overseas edition (page 11, september 3, 2024)
