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In recent years, taking photos and recording videos with drones when traveling and playing has become a new trend in mass consumer entertainment. However, the number of illegal drone aerial photography and surveying activities has increased, especially the "illegal flying" and "random flying" activities that ignore the no-fly regulations, which poses hidden risks to my country's national security and social security.

Recently, the national security authorities announced a number of typical cases in which drones were found to have flown illegally, photographed confidential facilities and sensitive areas, and then transmitted and shared the images on the Internet.

Illegal filming of classified facilities, etc.

Endangering national security

The national security agency disclosed that in November 2021, Luo, a fan of a domestic military forum,Using a drone with long-range high-definition camera capabilities, a new type of warship was illegally photographed.The relevant departments found that the photos and videos taken by Luo involved two confidential military secrets and one secret military secret. In the end, Luo was sentenced to one year in prison and one year of probation for "illegally obtaining state secrets".

Peeping into the key areas

Illegal collection of sensitive geographic information

Liu, the person in charge of an important surveying and mapping project of a domestic aerial surveying agency, used a drone with a filming function in his daily work without review or permission.Conduct aerial surveying of a key confidential location. Take multi-angle, high-resolution images and collect and store relevant high-precision aerial data.If it causes key technical security risks, the national security authorities will investigate and deal with it in accordance with the law, and the risk of loss of information and leakage will be eliminated in a timely manner.

Trespassing

Uploading and sharing sensitive data privately

When Li and Zhang, employees of a company, were carrying out a routine inspection project assigned by the company, they had a weak sense of discipline and law.Without applying for or reporting to the local air traffic control center and other departments, it patrolled a certain military restricted area in my country to collect data, and uploaded the data to the online cloud disk and WeChat group for sharing.After investigation, it was found that Li and Zhang's illegal patrol collection and sharing of military secrets on the Internet had seriously endangered the security of China's national defense and military secrets, constituted the crime of illegally obtaining state secrets, and they were subject to criminal punishment in accordance with the law.

The Interim Regulations on the Management of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Flights, which came into effect on January 1 this year, clearly stipulates that:It is prohibited to use unmanned aerial vehicles to illegally photograph military facilities, military industrial facilities or other confidential places; it is prohibited to illegally obtain or disclose state secrets, or illegally provide data and information to foreign countries.

Railway police investigates and handles multiple cases

Cases of illegal and irregular drone flights

In addition to endangering national security, the illegal use of drones in railway electrified line control areas, train driving areas, etc., if a collision occurs, may also pose a threat to the safety of train operation and the personal safety of passengers, posing a huge safety hazard.

During the summer travel season, railway public security organs across the country uncovered a number of illegal and irregular cases of drone flights.

In Guangxi, police officers from the Jinchengjiang Station Police Station of the Liuzhou Railway Public Security Bureau discovered a man flying a civilian unmanned aerial vehicle on a pedestrian bridge during a line patrol.

　　The offender Qin:I think the scenery here is better, and I want to promote and record the scenery of Jincheng River.

After investigation, the police learned that Qin was a photography enthusiast. In order to shoot video materials, he privately flew a drone around the Jinchengjiang Station line without reporting to the air traffic management agency and the railway department.

The police checked the flight trajectory of the drone and found that the drone released by Qin was directly above the railway power line conductor when taking the photo. Because Qin's flight did not cause any accidents and he admitted his mistakes in a good manner, the railway police imposed an administrative penalty of 300 yuan on him in accordance with the law.

In the square of Gutian Railway Station in Fujian, police officers found a drone flying in the sky in front of the station while on patrol. The police rushed to the scene and found a man landing the drone and preparing to leave.

　　Lu Zhigang, a police officer at the Gutian North Railway Station Police Station of the Fuzhou Railway Public Security Bureau:The man was going to Gutian North Station to pick up relatives and friends. While waiting, he took out the drone he was carrying from his car and went to the square to take aerial photos. At that time, the drone was less than 100 meters away from the two sides of the electrified railway line, posing a safety hazard.

Because Zeng had a good attitude of admitting his mistake, the police criticized and educated him, and then imposed an administrative penalty of 500 yuan on Zeng in accordance with the law.

How are drones classified?

Which one is for home use?

In daily production and life, drones have also caused many incidents such as injuries and disturbances to the public, and some even use drones to spy on privacy.

What situations are considered "illegal flying"? Will the drones purchased by ordinary people be accidentally "illegal flying" and cause safety risks? Let's learn how drones are classified↓↓↓

According to the Interim Regulations on the Management of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Flights,Unmanned aerial vehicles are divided into five categories: micro, light, small, medium and large according to performance indicators such as weight, flight altitude and flight speed.

For example, the empty weight of a micro unmanned aerial vehicle is less than 0.25 kg, the maximum true flight altitude does not exceed 50 meters, and the maximum level flight speed does not exceed 40 kilometers per hour; the empty weight of a light unmanned aerial vehicle does not exceed 4 kg and the maximum take-off weight does not exceed 7 kg, and the maximum level flight speed does not exceed 100 kilometers per hour.

Generally speaking, the drones that families buy for traveling, tourism and other aerial photography are mainly of the micro and light types.

Control of micro and light drones

No operator license required

Although personnel who fly micro and light civil unmanned aerial vehicles do not need to obtain an operator's license,You should be proficient in the operation methods of relevant aircraft models and understand the risk warning information and relevant management systems.andMinors who fly unmanned aerial vehicles need on-site guidance from an adult who is proficient in drone operations.

Drones fly without real-name registration

Belong to "black flying"

In addition, there is another very important provision:Owners of civil unmanned aerial vehicles shall register with their real names in accordance with the law.Currently, registration is mainly carried out through the National Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Integrated Supervision Service Platform (Civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Integrated Management Platform) and its application.

　　Liu Xiaofei, lecturer of the Security Department of China Civil Aviation Administration College:When you buy a drone, you need to register your identity, the model of your aircraft, and enter the serial number on the fuselage to complete the registration, so that you have a legal identity to use the drone. For example, to operate large, medium, or small drones, you need to take a license. After taking the license, you have the relevant behavioral ability and flying skills, and you can fly within the control range.

Experts say that if one purchases an unmanned aerial vehicle and then flies it without real-name registration, or if one operates a small, medium or large unmanned aerial vehicle without a license, these actions are all considered "illegal flying" and once discovered by the public security authorities, they will take appropriate action.

Where can drones fly?

For ordinary consumers, after purchasing a micro or light drone and registering it with real name, which areas can it be flown in? What else should be paid attention to during flight?

The "Interim Regulations on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Flight Management" clearly states: The state shall establish unmanned aerial vehicle controlled airspace as needed.

　　Airspace above 120 meters in true altitude, restricted air zones, air restricted zones and surrounding airspace, and military aviation ultra-low-altitude flight airspace, and the airspace above the following areas shall be designated as controlled airspace:

(one)Airport and surrounding areaarea;

(two)The national boundary, actual control line and border line are on our sideAn area of ​​a certain size;

(III) Military restricted areas, military management areas, and places of supervision, etc.Confidential units and a certain range around themarea;

(IV) Important military facility protection areas, nuclear facility control areas, flammable and explosive areas, etc.Dangerous goods production and storage areas,as well asLarge storage area for combustible and important materials；

(V) Power plants, substations, gas stations, water supply plants, public transportation hubs, navigation and power hubs, major water conservancy facilities, ports, highways, electrified railway lines, etc.Public infrastructure and a certain range around itareas and drinking water source protection areas;

(6) Radio astronomy stations, satellite tracking and control (navigation) stations, aviation radio navigation stations, radar stations, etc.Facilities that require special protection of the electromagnetic environment and a certain range around themarea;

(seven)Important revolutionary memorial sites, important immovable cultural relics and a certain range of surrounding areasarea;

(8) Other areas specified by the national air traffic management leading body.

The specific scope of the controlled airspace shall be determined by air traffic management agencies at all levels in accordance with the regulations of the national air traffic management leading body, announced by the people's government at or above the prefecture-level city, and the civil aviation management department and units with corresponding responsibilities shall release flight information.

"Illegal flying" of drones refers to flying in controlled airspace without the approval of relevant departments, or flying without real-name registration, and other flight activities that violate relevant laws and regulations.Experts warn that unmanned aerial vehicle flight activities must not be carried out in controlled airspace without the approval of the air traffic management agency.

Airspace outside the controlled airspace is suitable for micro, light and small unmanned aerial vehicles. Generally speaking, drones purchased by ordinary consumers from regular manufacturers have built-in electronic fence information in their flight control software, which will refuse to take off in strictly controlled airspace and automatically avoid controlled airspace.The public security organs will investigate and punish those who maliciously crack or modify the drone flight control software, or assemble drones on their own to evade control and fly in controlled airspace in violation of regulations.。

Experts also remind that although ordinary consumers do not need to apply to air traffic management agencies for flight activities of micro and light drones within suitable airspace, they should abide by management regulations, check the status of the machine before takeoff, update information such as electronic fences in a timely manner, and pay attention to flight safety.

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