Nature sub-journal: Smoking is a key factor associated with cognitive decline in middle-aged and elderly people
2024-08-06
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Written by Wang Cong
Editor: Wang Duoyu
Title image丨Pixabay
As the global population ages, age-related neurodegenerative diseases(e.g. dementia)It has become an increasingly urgent public health issue.The most common cause of dementia isAlzheimer's diseaseThe disease is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and a long preclinical phase during which neuropathology accumulates decades before diagnosis.Given the lack of effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease and its long preclinical phase, it is critical to identify modifiable factors that could slow cognitive decline decades before onset, thereby delaying clinical symptoms.。
Many lifestyle and behavioral factors(including smoking, drinking, frequency and intensity of physical activity, and social activities)It has been identified as a potential determinant of the rate of cognitive aging and risk of dementia.Although these behavioral factors have been identified as independently associated with cognitive health, they may also work in conjunction to influence cognitive aging trajectories, particularly as health behaviors tend to cluster, as people with healthy habits in one lifestyle domain tend to also have healthy habits in others.Therefore, further analyses are necessary to understand how multiple behavioral factors combine to influence cognitive decline, especially in study populations large enough to precisely investigate behavioral combinations.Furthermore, because prodromal dementia symptoms can affect behavior years before clinical diagnosis, it is important to assess behavioral risk factors for cognitive decline in people who have not yet developed disease-related cognitive symptoms.Recently, researchers from University College London published a study in Nature Nature Communications Published an article titled:Healthy lifestyle and cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults residing in 14 European countries research paper.This study shows thatSmokingIt may affect usThe rate of cognitive decline with ageOne of the most important lifestyle factors.The study also found that several healthy lifestyle(e.g. regular exercise, not drinking too much alcohol, regular socializing)Can counteract the adverse cognitive effects associated with smoking.In the study, the research team analyzed 10 years of survey data from 32,033 adults aged 50 and over from 14 European countries to determineHave different combinations of health-related behaviors(including smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and socializing)How the rate of cognitive decline may differ among cognitively healthy older adults.Cognitive function was assessed based on participants' performance on tests of memory and verbal fluency. Participants were also assessed based on whether they smoked, engaged in moderate and vigorous physical activity at least once a week, met with friends and family at least once a week, and drank alcohol.(Do men drink more than 2 drinks or less than/equal to 2 drinks per day? Do women drink more than 2 drinks per day?Drinking more than 1 drink or less than/equal to 1 drink per day)。The results showed that includingSmokingCognitive decline was faster among all non-smoking lifestyles, while cognitive decline was roughly similar among all non-smoking lifestyles.The cognitive scores of the smoking lifestyle decreased by up to 85% over the 10-year period compared with the cognitive scores of the non-smoking lifestyle.It is worth mentioning that smokers who otherwise have a healthy lifestyle(That is, regular exercise, not drinking too much, and regular socializing), their cognitive abilities decline at a rate similar to that of non-smokers.The leader of the studyMikaela Bloomberg Dr.Previous research has shown that people with healthier behaviors experience slower cognitive decline, however, it is unclear whether all behaviors have the same effect on cognitive decline or whether specific behaviors drive these results.Among the health behaviors investigated, not smoking may be one of the most important for maintaining cognitive function.This is an observational study and cannot establish cause and effect, but it suggestsSmoking may be a particularly important factor influencing the rate of cognitive aging.also, this study also showed thatFor those who are unable to quit smoking, engaging in other healthy behaviors, e.g.Regular exercise, not drinking too much alcohol, and participating in social activities may help offset the negative cognitive effects associated with smoking。set upStar, don't miss out on exciting tweets
