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some labor-intensive industries and technology-intensive industries in nanhu district, jiaxing city, zhejiang province are showing signs of relocation. to this end, zhang jian, chairman of the nanhu district cppcc, took the lead in conducting a survey on overseas investment by enterprises in the first half of this year, including conducting a "special survey on the overseas investment situation of nanhu district enterprises" on 1,194 "four top" enterprises in the region, and conducting a survey on 65 of them. conduct focused research on enterprises with overseas investment.

according to news from the wechat public account "nanhu cppcc" on september 27, recently, the "frontier observation" column of the 2024 issue 08 of "zhejiang economy" has published zhang jian's research report "investigation and suggestions on enterprise overseas investment - nanhu district as an example.

the report pointed out that the overseas investment destinations of nanhu district enterprises are mainly countries and regions in southeast asia, north america and europe. developing countries are mainly concentrated in vietnam, indonesia, cambodia, india and mexico; developed countries are mainly concentrated in the united states and the united kingdom. and the netherlands. since 2016, there have been a total of 70 overseas investment enterprises in nanhu district, involving 8 categories of secondary and tertiary industries, with a total external investment of us$5.788 billion (41.355 billion yuan; according to management standards, the same below). the actual total external investment 4.364 billion us dollars (31.182 billion yuan), accounting for 75.4% of the total planned investment. in terms of industries, the total investment in the manufacturing industry was us$1.778 billion (12.725 billion yuan), and the total investment in professional and technical services was us$946 million (6.771 billion yuan), accounting for 30.7% and 16.3% of the total foreign investment respectively.

from the perspective of the characteristics of overseas investment,first, low-end manufacturing is mainly invested in southeast asia.33.3% of companies have concentrated their investment in vietnam, indonesia and other southeast asia, mainly involving computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing, chemical raw materials and other industries. for example, zhejiang liangyou wood industry co., ltd. invested 42 million yuan to establish annual production capacity in jebang, indonesia. 3 million/㎡ solid wood composite flooring production line.

second, investment in mid- to high-end technology-intensive manufacturing industries is flowing to developed countries.as the biden administration focuses on curbing my country's chip and semiconductor industries, computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries represented by bochuang technology co., ltd. tend to set up r&d technology centers in the united states and europe to cooperate with local governments to obtain advanced technology.

the third is the outflow of general equipment and communication electronics industries to mexico and south asia.general equipment manufacturing companies affected by the "301 investigation" list are more inclined to transfer production lines to mexico. in order to avoid additional u.s. tariffs on china or in response to overseas procurement chain requirements, some of the companies interviewed are interested in locating in mexico to reduce the risk of trade barriers and increase the flexibility of supplying u.s. customers by establishing production bases or supply chain relationships there. for example, calixibela compressor co., ltd. invested 137 million yuan and the foreign huayi compression barcelona company in a ratio of 99:1 to establish a manufacturing base in mexico with an annual output of 6 million refrigerator compressors; the communications and electronics industry is tending to india, etc. countries such as wingtech communications co., ltd. invested 1.734 billion yuan to lay out production lines in india, and india's production accounted for its global output increased from 1.3% to 3.1%.

zhang jian has worked in jiaxing for a long time, serving as the county magistrate of haiyan county and director of jiaxing municipal development and reform commission.

he said in the above-mentioned research report that foreign investment by nanhu district enterprises is an inevitable result of the operation of the market economy. it is also the only way for nanhu district to adjust its industrial structure and realize industrial transformation and upgrading. it is conducive to enhancing the core engine functions of some industries in nanhu district. , revitalize existing land stock, increase output per mu, and relieve pressure on land and environment in the jurisdiction. but it also brings these adverse effects:

there is a side effect of a "weakening" of manufacturing.disordered foreign investment, especially the foreign investment of key manufacturing enterprises, is not conducive to the sustainable development of related industries in nanhu district and will have a certain impact on the economic stability of nanhu district. at present, the key industries in nanhu district have not yet formed a complete industrial chain and upstream "core driving force". some industries are facing the situation of "one dominant company" and cannot withstand the double squeeze of manufacturing investment outflow and leading enterprise production capacity outflow, which has brought about related industries. risk of chain transfer. some new service industries in nanhu district are fully dependent on the related manufacturing industries in the area. when the upstream and downstream manufacturing industries are shrinking at the same time, we need to pay close attention to the danger of "hollowing out" of the industry. in the short term, we should be alert to the transfer risks of "leading" companies in some industries.

reduce the comprehensive competitiveness of related industries.the relocation of enterprises has caused the market share of nanhu district's related products in the international market to continue to shrink and its international competitiveness to decline. in 2023, nanhu district's exports of labor-intensive products to the united states, europe and japan dropped by 7.3%, 4.4% and 6.1% respectively year-on-year. through calculations, enterprises' external investment and production capacity transfer are expected to affect the growth rate of nanhu district's industrial output value this year by 2.0-3.5 percentage points. at the same time, the reduction in enterprise production capacity will affect the employment situation in nanhu district to a certain extent. according to a manufacturing company in nanhu district, after building a factory overseas, it will gradually reduce the scale of domestic production, and it is expected that the number of employees will decrease by 15.0% after the transfer of some production lines. post. 40.4% of the companies surveyed said that when faced with industrial transformation, production line transfers, etc., their demand for labor will decrease to varying degrees.

it brings "interruption risk" to the extension of the industrial chain.according to the analysis of the industry categories of overseas investment enterprises in nanhu district, most enterprises have not yet entered high value-added industries, and the local self-sufficiency rate of key industry supply chains is low. there is an urgent need to gradually enter the middle and upstream of the industrial chain through technological innovation, transformation and upgrading. taking wingtech communications as an example, its r&d investment is mainly outside the region. only 1% of the parts required for mobile phone production are supplied locally in jiaxing, and they mainly rely on simple manufacturing equipment and packaging. over 99% are supplied from outside the region, of which, overseas supply accounts for 14%, guangdong and other pearl river delta regions account for 61%, and jiangsu and other yangtze river delta regions account for 24%. enterprises’ foreign investment will inevitably affect the scientific research investment of some enterprises in nanhu district, which will continue to weaken the original role of innovation-driven improvement of industrial status. in addition, the trends of "decentralization", "regionalization" and "localization" in industrial and supply chains have further affected the "stickiness" of industrial chain agglomeration in nanhu district.

finally, zhang jian called in the research report to comprehensively monitor the investment intentions of key enterprises and implement precise classification policies. it is recommended to carry out a comprehensive survey of the investment intentions of leading enterprises and key industries with a tax payment of more than 5 million yuan in the next three years, to understand the development trends of enterprises and foreign investment status, and to implement classified policies according to different situations. the first is to target key industries, headquarters enterprises, group enterprises, and enterprises with good development benefits that have further investment intentions, and make every effort to help them solve their difficulties and provide key guarantees for various factors to the maximum extent. it is recommended that the development and reform, economic and information, commerce, natural resources planning and other departments study and propose more accurate, effective and operational factor guarantee policies to ensure that enterprises invest investment funds and new production capacity in nanhu and continue to develop and grow. the second is to focus on cultivating and developing the headquarters economy for key enterprises that objectively need to invest in other places due to market expansion and seizing the origin of raw materials. it is recommended that the commerce department take the lead to help enterprises transfer low-efficiency, high-energy-consuming, and high-pollution projects to achieve economies of scale and optimize the configuration of the industrial chain to achieve industrial transformation and upgrading. third, for the "four low" enterprises with low industrial level, low added value, low efficiency and gradually decreasing tax contribution, on the basis of respecting the enterprise's willingness to invest abroad, it is recommended that the development and reform department take the lead and coordinate with the economic, information, commerce and other departments make overall plans and create conditions to orderly guide enterprises to transfer their production bases to mountain-sea cooperation and counterpart assistance areas by guiding industries to "relocate low-end" and setting up nanhu industrial parks in investment locations.

he also suggested that high standards should be used to create a business environment that is comfortable, warm, assured and secure. the first is to create a more convenient and efficient approval environment. it is recommended that the reform department take the lead in carefully studying the policy flexibility space, and work together to launch a number of forward-looking, original, and differentiated reform measures within the scope permitted by laws and policies, and promote iterative upgrades in the entire approval process. the second is to build a warmer living space environment. effectively solve the pain points of investors in education, medical care, personal tax, living facilities, etc., and create a beautiful home for investors to start their own businesses without worries. the third is to cultivate a more complete ecological environment for industrial growth. taking the 3.0 version of industrial chain investment as the main direction, further refine the industry map and investment map, work hard to attract key industries, strategic emerging industries and producer service industries, and focus on recruiting leaders, supplementing chains, and clustering groups. the fourth is to create a more secure policy environment. deepen the construction of an honest government, listen more to the effective needs of enterprises when formulating policies, and think more from the perspective of others when interpreting policies, so that enterprises can have full confidence in the government and full of hope for development in nanhu district.

in addition, establish a monitoring and service mechanism for enterprises’ foreign investment. the first is to establish an early warning mechanism for enterprise relocation. pay close attention to the intention of enterprises to relocate, study and establish an early warning indicator system for enterprises’ overseas investment, integrate and integrate data related to overseas investment of various units, establish a big data platform for enterprise relocation early warning, build an early warning model, evaluate the early warning level, and implement classified and graded risk responses, and deal with certain companies that intend to relocate abroad intervene in advance to provide precise services. the second is to establish a regular discussion mechanism between foreign investment destinations and investing companies for companies that have invested abroad. based on the principle of complementary advantages and joint development, we will deeply tap the potential for cooperation, innovate and improve the collaboration model, and achieve in-depth cooperation, mutual benefit and win-win results. third, in view of industrial spillover risks, it is recommended to implement chain thinking throughout the work, optimize and implement the mechanism for contacting enterprises, and strengthen care for key enterprises. implement "one enterprise, one policy" to support "chain owner" enterprises and key enterprises to become bigger and stronger, improve the full-cycle cultivation chain of "specialized, special and new" enterprises, clear up stuck points in the industrial chain, and improve the stickiness and resilience of the industrial chain. collaboratively promote the recruitment of large and powerful enterprises, gather supporting industries, extend the service industry chain work to the entire process of negotiation and contract signing, implementation of construction, production and operation, focus on tapping the potential and expansion of enterprises, pay close attention to the transformation and incubation of scientific research institutes, and strive to achieve a leap from quantitative change to qualitative change .