Du Shiju and Liu Haibin | Deepen the reform of the ecological civilization system and build a beautiful China
2024-08-18
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The Decision of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee proposed "seven focuses" for further deepening reform in an all-round way, one of which is to focus on building a beautiful China, accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, improve the ecological environment governance system, promote ecological priority, conservation and intensive development, green and low-carbon development, and promote harmonious coexistence between man and nature. The Decision made systematic arrangements for deepening the reform of the ecological civilization system. This points out the direction for the higher quality development of my country's ecological civilization system.
Adhere to the most stringent system and the most stringent rule of law to protect the ecological environment
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that "only by implementing the most stringent system and the most rigorous rule of law can we provide reliable guarantees for the construction of ecological civilization." Since the 18th CPC National Congress, my country's ecological environmental laws and system construction has entered a period of the greatest legislative efforts, the most intensive introduction of systems, and the strictest supervision and law enforcement, providing institutional guarantees for promoting historic, turning point, and overall changes in ecological environmental protection.
Entering the new era, my country's ecological environment legislation has achieved a comprehensive improvement from quantity to quality. In 2018, the constitutional amendment wrote ecological civilization into the Constitution. The relevant provisions of the Constitution together constitute the systematic pattern of the constitutional ecological civilization system, which reflects that our party's understanding of the laws of ecological civilization construction and ecological environment protection has reached a new historical height, and provides constitutional guidance for promoting the reform of the ecological civilization system, promoting the practice of ecological environment protection, and safeguarding the environmental rights and interests of the people.
The formulation of 10 ecological and environmental protection laws, including the Yangtze River Protection Law, the Black Soil Protection Law, the Yellow River Protection Law, and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Ecological Protection Law, have filled the legislative gap in relevant fields and improved the ecological civilization system; the Environmental Protection Law, the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law, the Wildlife Protection Law, etc. have been revised, and the legal norms are clearer and more specific, enhancing their enforceability and operability... At present, my country has more than 30 ecological and environmental protection laws, more than 100 administrative regulations, more than 1,000 local regulations, and a large number of other laws and regulations on ecological and environmental protection.
It can be seen that with a view to putting the construction of ecological civilization on the track of legalization and institutionalization, my country has built a scientific, rigorous, and systematic legal system for ecological environment protection, promoted the construction of ecological civilization with the concept and methods of the rule of law, and laid a solid foundation for the formation and improvement of the ecological civilization system.
Establish and improve the "four pillars" of the ecological environment protection system
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Firmly establish and practice the concept that green mountains and clear waters are invaluable assets, and unswervingly follow the path of ecological priority and green development." How to practice the concept that green mountains and clear waters are invaluable assets? Adhering to the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment, implementing the principles of giving priority to conservation, protection, and natural recovery, and accelerating the top-level design and institutional system construction of ecological civilization through reform and innovation are important methods.
The ecological civilization system is formed by the interaction of different systems in multiple fields. The systems of green development, environmental governance and ecological protection are not independent, and their corresponding ecological civilization systems are also nested and integrated. In September 2015, my country issued the "Overall Plan for the Reform of the Ecological Civilization System", which includes eight parts of systems, namely, natural resource asset property rights, land space development and protection, spatial planning system, total resource management and comprehensive conservation, paid resource use and ecological compensation, environmental governance system, environmental governance and ecological protection market system, ecological civilization performance evaluation and accountability system. Different systems are closely linked and mutually supportive, aiming to achieve the solution to ecological and environmental problems of "strict prevention at the source, strict management during the process, and severe punishment for the consequences". The ecological civilization system composed of eight system reform systems with clear property rights, diversified participation, parallel incentives and constraints, and a complete system has completed the programmatic framework of the ecological civilization system and formed an ecological civilization system with Chinese characteristics.
Afterwards, in the face of new problems, the system was continuously improved. For example, the Opinions on Improving the Ecological Protection Compensation Mechanism issued in April 2016 proposed an ecological protection compensation system; a natural protection area system with national parks as the main body was established, an ecological protection red line system was creatively proposed, and an ecological civilization construction goal evaluation and assessment system was fully implemented... With the goal of solving prominent problems in the field of ecological environment as the orientation, my country's ecological civilization system has been continuously improved, truly embodying "using systems to protect the ecological environment."
Promote the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature through the deepening reform of the ecological civilization system
The Decision proposes the direction and key tasks of deepening the reform of the ecological civilization system from three aspects: "improving the basic system of ecological civilization", "improving the ecological environment governance system" and "improving the green and low-carbon development mechanism". To deepen the reform of the ecological civilization system, we must base ourselves on the reality, take the basic realization of the goal of building a beautiful China by 2035 and the comprehensive completion of a beautiful China by 2050 as well as the "dual carbon" goal as the guidance, and make systematic plans based on the existing system, institutions and mechanisms and guided by the existing practical problems.
First, we must take Xi Jinping's thoughts on ecological civilization as a guide, follow the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, coordinate the promotion of the "five-in-one" overall layout, coordinate the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, take the promotion of social fairness and justice and the improvement of people's well-being as the starting point and foothold, further liberate and develop social productivity, stimulate and enhance the vitality of the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. Secondly, we must focus on the goal of building a beautiful China. Based on the achievements of ecological civilization reform and construction, we will accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, improve the ecological environment governance system, promote ecological priority, conservation and intensive, green and low-carbon development, and promote harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Thirdly, we must improve the ecological civilization system in line with the times, coordinate the promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth, actively respond to climate change, and accelerate the improvement of the system and mechanism for implementing the concept that green waters and green mountains are gold and silver mountains.
The "Decision" points out: "The current and future period is a critical period for comprehensively advancing the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization." Placing the construction of a beautiful China in a prominent position in the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation, and supporting high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment will certainly lay a solid ecological foundation for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation and accelerate the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
author:
Text: Du Shiju Liu Haibin (School of Marxism, East China University of Science and Technology) Editor: Yu Ying Responsible Editor: Yang Yiqi
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