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Source: Seeking Truth

Explanation of the "Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization"

Xi Jinping

Comrades,

Entrusted by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, I will give an explanation to the plenary session on the drafting of the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reforms and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization."

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing from July 15 to 18, 2024.General SecretaryXi Jinping delivered an important speech. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Ju Peng

I. Considerations on Determining the Topics for the Plenary Session

Planning and deploying reforms around the Party's central tasks is the successful experience of the Party's leadership in reform and opening up. Based on practical experience and actual needs, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee decided that the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party would study the issue of further deepening reforms in an all-round way and promoting Chinese-style modernization, mainly based on the following considerations.

First, it is an urgent need to unite people's hearts and gather strength to realize the central task of the Party in the new era and new journey. Practice has fully proved that in the new era of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, my country has made great strides to catch up with the times, relying on reform and opening up. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the historic achievements and historic changes in the cause of the Party and the country have also relied on reform and opening up. In the new era and new journey, to create a new situation in Chinese-style modernization, we still have to rely on reform and opening up. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China established the central task of building a socialist modern power in an all-round way, achieving the second centenary goal, and comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. It elaborated on the Chinese characteristics, essential requirements, and major principles of Chinese-style modernization, and made strategic arrangements for promoting Chinese-style modernization. To implement these strategic arrangements and turn the blueprint of Chinese-style modernization into reality, it is fundamental to further deepen reform in an all-round way, constantly improve various systems and mechanisms, and provide institutional guarantees for promoting Chinese-style modernization.

Second, this is an urgent need to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, we have highlighted the main line of institutional construction, and through comprehensive deepening of reforms to improve various systems, we have promoted the socialist system with Chinese characteristics to become more mature and more established, and the modernization level of the national governance system and governance capacity has been significantly improved, providing a strong institutional guarantee for the comprehensive building of a well-off society. At the same time, we must clearly see that improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics is a dynamic process, which will inevitably develop with the development of practice. Existing systems need to be continuously improved, and new fields and new practices need to promote institutional innovation and fill institutional gaps. In the face of new situations and tasks, we must further comprehensively deepen reforms, continue to improve various institutional mechanisms, consolidate the foundation, promote advantages, make up for shortcomings, strengthen weaknesses, and continuously transform our country's institutional advantages into national governance effectiveness.

Third, this is an urgent need to promote high-quality development and better adapt to the changes in the main contradictions in our society. At present, the outstanding problem facing the promotion of high-quality development is still unbalanced and inadequate development. For example, the market system is still not sound, the market is not fully developed, the relationship between the government and the market has not been fully straightened out, the innovation capacity does not meet the requirements of high-quality development, the overall industrial system is large but not strong, comprehensive but not refined, the key core technologies are subject to people's conditions have not fundamentally changed, the agricultural foundation is still unstable, the gap between urban and rural regional development and income distribution is still large, and there are still shortcomings in people's livelihood security and ecological environment protection, etc. In summary, these problems are a reflection of the changes in the main contradictions in society and are problems in development. We must further deepen reforms in an all-round way and promote solutions from the perspective of systems and mechanisms.

Fourth, this is an urgent need to cope with major risks and challenges and promote the steady and long-term development of the cause of the Party and the country. Promoting Chinese-style modernization is a brand-new cause, and we will inevitably encounter various contradictions, risks and challenges on the road ahead. In particular, the world is undergoing a major change that has not been seen in a century, with frequent local conflicts and turmoil, intensified global problems, and escalating external suppression and containment. my country's development has entered a period of coexistence of strategic opportunities and risks and challenges, and increasing uncertainties and unpredictable factors. Various "Black Swan Event"Gray rhino" events may occur at any time. To effectively respond to these risks and challenges and win the strategic initiative in the increasingly fierce international competition, we need to further deepen reform in an all-round way, use a sound system to prevent and resolve risks, effectively respond to challenges, cultivate new opportunities in crises, and create a new situation in changes.

II. Drafting process of the draft decision

In November 2023, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee decided to set up a drafting group for the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, with me as the group leader, and Wang Huning, Cai Qi, and Ding Xuexiang as deputy group leaders, to undertake the drafting work under the leadership of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. On December 8, the drafting group held its first plenary meeting, and the drafting work was officially launched. Over the past seven months, the drafting group conducted in-depth investigations and research, widely solicited opinions, carried out special discussions, and repeatedly discussed and revised.

In the process of drafting the draft decision, we focused on the following points: First, we summarized and applied the valuable experience of comprehensively deepening reform since the reform and opening up, especially in the new era, determined to follow the principles, and adhered to the correct political direction. Second, we closely focused on promoting Chinese-style modernization and implementing the strategic deployment of the 20th National Congress of the Party to plan further comprehensive deepening of reform, and adhered to problem orientation. Third, we focused on key points, highlighted institutional and mechanism reforms, highlighted strategic and overall major reforms, highlighted the traction role of economic system reform, and highlighted the leading role of reform. Fourth, we insisted on putting people first, and planned and promoted reforms based on the overall interests, fundamental interests, and long-term interests of the people. Fifth, we strengthened system integration, strengthened overall planning and system layout of reforms, and made reforms in all aspects cooperate with each other and work together efficiently.

The drafting of the document for this plenary session has been carried out throughout the whole process of promoting democracy and brainstorming. On November 27, 2023, the Party Central Committee issued a notice to solicit opinions from all regions, departments, and some cadres and the masses on the topic of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee. Everyone agreed that the Party Central Committee decided that the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee would focus on further deepening reforms in an all-round way and promoting Chinese-style modernization, which demonstrated the strong determination and strong sense of mission to carry out reforms to the end. It is a re-declaration of what flag to hold and what road to take in the new era and new journey, and it has great and far-reaching significance for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization. All regions, departments, and aspects put forward many valuable suggestions on the theme, framework, and important measures of the document, which provided important references for the drafting of the decision draft.

On May 7, 2024, the draft decision was issued to a certain range of the party for comments, to solicit opinions from veteran party members, to listen specifically to the opinions of the central committees of the democratic parties, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and representatives of non-party personages, and to listen to the opinions of relevant enterprises and experts and scholars. From the feedback, everyone agreed that the draft decision closely revolved around the theme of promoting Chinese-style modernization to outline strategic measures for further deepening reform in an all-round way, adhered to the correct political direction, and focused on grasping the major institutional and mechanism issues that need to be solved to promote Chinese-style modernization. The plan for reform has a clear theme, prominent focus, and pragmatic and feasible measures. It is a general mobilization and general deployment to promote the comprehensive deepening of reform in breadth and depth on the new journey in the new era. It fully reflects the historical initiative to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities, and will surely provide a strong driving force and institutional guarantee for Chinese-style modernization. At the same time, various parties put forward 1,911 opinions and suggestions for revision. The drafting group of the document carefully studied these opinions and suggestions, absorbed them as much as possible, and made 221 revisions.

During the drafting process, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held three meetings and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held two meetings to review and revise the draft, and formed the draft decision to be submitted to this plenary session for deliberation.

III. Basic Framework and Main Contents of the Draft Decision

In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the draft decision has 15 parts, divided into three major sections. The first part is the first section, which is the general discussion, mainly expounding the great significance and overall requirements of further comprehensively deepening reform and promoting Chinese-style modernization. The second to fourteenth parts are the second section, which are sub-discussions, mainly deploying reforms from the aspects of economy, politics, culture, society, ecological civilization, national security, national defense and the military. The fifteenth part is the third section, which mainly talks about strengthening the party's leadership over reform, deepening the reform of the party building system, building a clean and honest party style and fighting corruption. The content items are arranged throughout the text, with 60 items listed.

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing from July 15 to 18, 2024. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Yue Yuewei

The draft decision is anchored on the goal of basically achieving socialist modernization by 2035, and focuses on deploying major reform measures for the next five years. It has the following characteristics in its content arrangement.

First, we should focus on giving play to the leading role of economic system reform. Deepening economic system reform is still the focus of further deepening reform in an all-round way. The main tasks are to improve the system and mechanism that is conducive to promoting high-quality development, create new momentum and advantages for development, adhere to and implement the "two unshakable" principles, build a unified national market, and improve the basic system of the market economy.

The draft decision focuses on the core issue of handling the relationship between the government and the market, puts the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system in a prominent position, and makes arrangements for key areas and key links of economic system reform. With a view to enhancing the core functions and core competitiveness of state-owned enterprises, it proposes to strengthen the strategic coordination of relevant management departments, promote the optimization of the layout and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy, and promote the strengthening, optimization and expansion of state-owned capital and state-owned enterprises; with a view to promoting the development of the non-public economy, it proposes to formulate a law to promote the private economy, strengthen the law enforcement and judicial protection of property rights, and prevent and correct the use of administrative and criminal means to intervene in economic disputes. It proposes to strengthen the rigid constraints of fair competition review, clean up and abolish various regulations and practices that hinder the national unified market and fair competition, and improve the system and rules of the factor market, etc. These measures will better stimulate the endogenous motivation and innovation vitality of the whole society.

The draft decision makes arrangements for improving the system and mechanism for promoting high-quality economic development and promoting the development of new quality productivity. Focusing on the development of productivity characterized by high technology, high efficiency and high quality, it proposes to strengthen the supply of new fields and new tracks, establish a mechanism for the growth of future industrial investment, lead the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries with the improvement of national standards, and promote the gathering of various advanced production factors to develop new quality productivity.

The draft decision makes arrangements for improving the macroeconomic governance system. It proposes to improve the national strategic planning system and policy coordination mechanism; coordinate and promote fiscal and taxation system reform, increase local autonomous financial resources, expand local tax sources, reasonably expand the scope of support for local government special bonds, appropriately strengthen central affairs and increase the proportion of central fiscal expenditure; improve the positioning and governance of financial institutions, improve the capital market function of coordinating investment and financing, and improve the financial supervision system.

The draft decision makes arrangements for improving the system and mechanism of urban-rural integrated development. It proposes to improve the system and mechanism for promoting new urbanization; consolidate and improve the basic rural management system; improve the support system for strengthening, benefiting and enriching farmers; and deepen the reform of the land system.

The draft decision makes arrangements for improving the high-level opening-up system and mechanism. It proposes to steadily expand institutional opening-up; deepen foreign trade system reform; deepen foreign investment and outbound investment management system reform; optimize regional opening-up layout; and improve and promote high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" mechanism.

Second, we should focus on building a system and mechanism to support comprehensive innovation. The draft decision comprehensively promotes the reform of the system and mechanism of education, science and technology talents, and emphasizes deepening the reform of comprehensive education, the system of science and technology, and the system and mechanism of talent development to enhance the overall efficiency of the national innovation system.

In terms of education system reform, it is proposed to promote the reform of universities in a classified manner, establish a discipline adjustment mechanism and talent training model driven by scientific and technological development and national strategic needs, and make an extraordinary layout of urgently needed disciplines and majors; improve the scientific and technological innovation mechanism of universities and improve the efficiency of transformation of results.

In terms of science and technology system reform, it is proposed to strengthen the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces, optimize the positioning and layout of national scientific research institutions, high-level research universities, and leading science and technology enterprises, improve the management of science and technology plans, and strengthen the forward-looking and leading layout of basic research fields, cross-cutting frontier fields, and key areas; strengthen the leading position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, and establish a mechanism to cultivate and strengthen leading science and technology enterprises; allow scientific research institutions to implement more flexible management systems than general institutions, and explore the implementation of enterprise management; deepen the reform of empowering scientific and technological achievements in official positions.

In terms of the reform of the talent development system and mechanism, it is proposed to accelerate the construction of national strategic talent forces and improve the quality of all types of talents; improve the mechanism for discovering, selecting and training young innovative talents, and better guarantee the treatment of young scientific and technological personnel; strengthen the talent incentive mechanism, insist on empowering employers and freeing up talents; and improve the support and guarantee mechanism for introducing talents from overseas.

On the afternoon of May 23, 2024, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, hosted a symposium with enterprises and experts in Jinan, Shandong Province and delivered an important speech. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Huanchi

Third, focus on comprehensive reform. The draft decision plans to further deepen reform in an all-round way under the framework of the overall layout of "five in one" and the coordinated promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, and coordinates the deployment of economic system reform and reforms in other fields.

In terms of reforms in the fields of democracy and the rule of law, arrangements have been made to improve the system of people's democracy throughout the process and to improve the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. It is proposed to strengthen the construction of the system of people's mastery of their own affairs; improve the mechanism of consultative democracy; improve the grassroots democratic system; and improve the overall united front work pattern. It is proposed to strengthen legislation in key areas, emerging areas, and foreign-related areas; improve the system and mechanism in which the supervisory organs, public security organs, procuratorates, courts, and judicial administrative organs perform their respective duties, and the supervisory power, investigative power, procuratorial power, judicial power, and executive power cooperate and restrict each other; and improve the mechanism for promoting the construction of a rule of law society.

In terms of cultural system reform, we focus on promoting the coordinated modernization of material and spiritual civilization, propose to promote the normalization and institutionalization of education on ideals and beliefs, improve and innovate the working mechanisms for civilization cultivation, civilization practice, and civilization creation; optimize the supply mechanism of cultural services and cultural products, and establish a mechanism for high-quality cultural resources to reach the grassroots level; improve the comprehensive network governance system; promote the reconstruction of the international communication pattern, and build a more effective international communication system.

In terms of improving the system of institutions for safeguarding and improving people's livelihood, it is proposed to improve the income distribution system and standardize the income distribution order; optimize the policy environment for entrepreneurship and employment promotion, support and standardize the development of new employment forms; improve the social security system for flexible employment personnel, migrant workers, and new employment forms, and comprehensively cancel the restrictions on household registration for insurance at the place of employment; propose to accelerate the construction of a new model of real estate development, and fully empower city governments with the autonomy to regulate the real estate market; propose to deepen the reform of the medical and health system and implement a health-first development strategy; propose to improve the population development support and service system, improve the fertility support policy system and incentive mechanism, improve the development of pension undertakings and pension industry policy mechanisms, and promote the gradual delay of the statutory retirement age reform in a safe and orderly manner in accordance with the principles of voluntariness and flexibility.

In terms of ecological civilization system reform, it is proposed to improve the basic system of ecological civilization, improve the ecological environment governance system, and improve the green and low-carbon development mechanism; it is proposed to implement a regional, differentiated, and precise ecological environment management system, improve the horizontal ecological protection compensation mechanism, implement fiscal, financial, investment, and price policies and standards that support green and low-carbon development, and accelerate the planning and construction of a new energy system.

Fourth, pay attention to the overall coordination of development and security. National security is an important foundation for the steady and long-term development of China's modernization. The draft decision puts the maintenance of national security in a more prominent position. Focusing on promoting the modernization of the national security system and capabilities, it proposes to build a coordinated and efficient national security protection system, promote the national security science and technology empowerment; improve the major public emergency handling guarantee system; establish an artificial intelligence security supervision system; explore the establishment of a unified national population management system; improve the overall social security prevention and control system, and severely punish illegal and criminal activities that the masses strongly reflect in accordance with the law. It proposes to establish and improve the coordination mechanism for peripheral security work; improve the anti-sanction, anti-interference, and anti-"long-arm jurisdiction" mechanism; improve the trade risk prevention and control mechanism, improve the foreign-related legal and regulatory system and the rule of law implementation system, and deepen international cooperation in law enforcement and justice. Focusing on the continuous deepening of national defense and military reforms, it proposes to improve the leadership and management system and mechanism of the people's army, deepen the reform of the joint combat system, and deepen cross-military and local reforms.

Fifth, we should focus on strengthening the Party's leadership over reform. The Party's leadership is the fundamental guarantee for further deepening reform and promoting Chinese-style modernization. The draft decision proposes to improve the implementation mechanism of the Party Central Committee's major decisions and arrangements; deepen the reform of the cadre and personnel system, clearly establish the correct orientation of selecting and employing people, vigorously select cadres who are politically strong, dare to take responsibility, are determined to reform, have outstanding performance, and are honest and upright, and strive to solve the problems of cadres acting arbitrarily, not acting, not daring to act, and not being good at acting; establish and practice a correct view of political achievements, implement the "three distinctions", and encourage cadres to be pioneering and enterprising, and do things and start businesses; enhance the political and organizational functions of the Party organizations; improve the institutional mechanisms for preventing and treating formalism and bureaucracy, improve the mechanism for investigating and treating unhealthy practices and corruption together, and enrich the effective methods for preventing and treating new types of corruption and hidden corruption.

I hope that comrades will deeply understand the spirit of the Party Central Committee, focus on the discussion around the theme of the plenary session, put forward constructive opinions and suggestions for revision, and jointly hold this plenary session well and revise the draft decision.