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zhang lili/text during the 45 years of reform and opening up, china's economy has achieved remarkable growth. this achievement is mainly due to three key factors: the driving force of reform, resource advantages and technological progress. the impetus for reform is mainly reflected in marketization and changes in the property rights system. resource advantages cover dividends in terms of population and land, while technological progress has been significantly promoted by the three industrial revolutions. as the economy continues to grow, these traditional growth engines are gradually weakening, and there is an urgent need to explore new growth drivers and potential advantages. in the context of the new era, especially in the process of building a new development model, tapping new growth drivers ultimately requires the dual drive of reform and innovation. from an economic perspective, when traditional driving forces such as demographic dividend no longer exist, economic growth almost entirely relies on improvements in total factor productivity, which is the key to achieving sustainable growth. this improvement in total factor productivity mainly comes from technological innovation, organizational innovation, professional development and production innovation.

the "carbon neutrality" goal provides huge opportunities for reshaping china's economic and industrial structure, achieving leapfrog development, and improving industrial competitiveness.

in the green and low-carbon field, china has accumulated a series of technological and market advantages, especially in new energy, electric vehicles and zero-carbon industry. in some areas, it is already at the forefront of the world. if china was still a follower in the previous industrial revolutions, then in this fourth industrial revolution characterized by intelligence and greening, china has undoubtedly become the leader and has obvious technological advantages. in addition, china has an unparalleled unified market in the world. this ultra-large-scale market not only reduces institutional and circulation costs, but also further reduces production costs through scale effects, providing zero-carbon companies and their products with greater market advantages. the fundamental role of "standard system construction" mentioned in "zero carbon dividend" on "zero carbon manufacturing" cannot be ignored. building a nationally unified "zero-carbon" standard and certification system that is in line with international standards is the core to ensuring that the manufacturing industry enters a new era of "carbon neutrality" smoothly and promotes high-quality and sustainable development.

currently, there is no unified, authoritative and clear evaluation standard to guide the practice of "zero-carbon manufacturing" in the industry. this is closely related to the complexity of “zero-carbon manufacturing” itself. even the narrower definition of "zero-carbon manufacturing" varies greatly in different factory environments because it covers many subdivided manufacturing industries (such as steel, non-ferrous metals, petrochemicals, etc.). at the international level, there are several evaluation standards such as pas2060 and iso14064 that are commonly used in greenhouse gas emission accounting in 24 industries. they also include guidelines and criteria issued by some international institutions and industry organizations, such as sbt (science based targets initiative) and tpi (transformation pathways initiative) etc.

in view of the current zero-carbon transformation trend faced by the domestic manufacturing industry, although the zero-carbon standard system is difficult to unify in a short period of time,in the process of reshaping industrial advantages under the "double carbon" goal, we can first explore and establish some standard baselines and formulating principles. in order to achieve zero-carbon transformation and build a sound zero-carbon standard system, a multi-level and multi-dimensional strategic approach is needed. first of all, it is crucial to improve the top-level design and hierarchical management mechanism. this means that the applicability of standards needs to be comprehensively considered at multiple levels, from overall planning to technical implementation to target effectiveness. strengthening the compatibility and coordination of standards is crucial to ensuring the unification and coordination of the manufacturing standard system in different scenarios. this approach not only involves policymakers and regulatory agencies, but also requires active collaboration among enterprises and industry participants to jointly promote the sound development of the standards system.

technological innovation occupies a core position in the zero-carbon standard system and should be regarded as a key driving force for transformation and upgrading.

relying on cutting-edge technology and innovation, leapfrog development of low-carbon or even zero-carbon is possible. this requires not only government r&d support and policy incentives, but also private sector input and creativity, as well as public acceptance and application of new technologies. through this synergy, global climate resilience can be enhanced and green growth promoted. strengthening the linkage between standards and planning, policies and industries, and adopting the strategy of running fast in small steps and experimenting first are effective ways to achieve the zero-carbon goal. when it is impossible to achieve unified standards across the industry in a short period of time, we should focus on subdivided industries and specific scenarios. by uniting industry leading enterprises and the industry chain ecology to explore and practice on a small scale, the implementation of advanced standards can be strengthened and valuable experience and data can be provided for wider applications.

of course, we also need to pay attention to the docking and communication of domestic standards with international standards and codes. it is crucial for chinese standards to go global. globally, the “zero-carbon transition” is facing unprecedented urgency and resonance. by establishing a multi-faceted and in-depth cooperation mechanism between domestic and foreign standards and technical organizations and continuously strengthening the docking and coordination of domestic standards with international standards and guidelines, the influence of international standards can be expanded. this will not only help enhance the international competitiveness of chinese standards, products, brands and enterprises, but also help promote global green development and the realization of sustainable development goals. through the comprehensive efforts of these four aspects, a more comprehensive, effective and influential zero-carbon standard system can be built to lead the trend of global green transformation. all in all, although the road to zero-carbon manufacturing is full of challenges, by actively exploring and implementing these strategic initiatives, we are expected to gradually build a comprehensive, unified and efficient zero-carbon manufacturing standard system, paving the way for the sustainable development of china's manufacturing industry.

next course of action

china has never ignored the complementary roles of enterprises and government in this process. as the main promoters of innovation and technology, enterprises have promoted the actual implementation of green transformation through the research and development of new technologies, products and services. the government creates conditions for green innovation by enterprises by formulating policies, providing incentives and establishing a suitable regulatory environment. the government's policy guidance and market supervision provide enterprises with a clear direction for green transformation, and the practice and innovation of enterprises have continuously enriched and improved the government's policy system. this complementary relationship ensures the effective implementation of green transformation and promotes sustainable economic and environmental development.

as the impacts of global climate change become increasingly apparent, from extreme weather events to biodiversity loss, we are facing unprecedented environmental challenges. in this context, green transformation is no longer an option, but our shared responsibility. both the government and enterprises have realized that only through joint efforts can we effectively respond to climate change, protect the global environment, and ensure the long-term sustainability of the economy and society.

looking ahead, it is vital that businesses and governments take action to work together towards a sustainable future.companies comply with environmental regulations, proactively seek more efficient and environmentally friendly operating methods, and invest in green technology and innovation. the government formulates scientific and reasonable policies, provides necessary support and incentives, ensures fair competition in the market, promotes international cooperation, and jointly promotes the global process of green transformation. green transformation is our common responsibility and challenge. through corporate innovation, government guidance, and the joint efforts of all stakeholders, we are achieving truly sustainable development and creating a greener, healthier and more prosperous world for future generations.