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one day in april 1989, a white-haired old lady walked into the nanjing yuhuatai martyrs cemetery. the old lady came to a tombstone, bent down and put her face on the tombstone. in the solemn eyes of the accompanying personnel, she slowly straightened up and took out an old-looking "diary". the owner of this diary is zhou hao, the owner of this cemetery. and the old lady standing in front of the tombstone is zhou hao's wife wu xueya. it has been 40 years since zhou hao died. what is puzzling is: zhou hao was dai li's confidant when he died, so why was he buried in the martyrs cemetery?

1. the "military general" who abandoned the dark and joined the light

zhou hao was born in luotian county, hubei province in 1910. like many kuomintang generals, zhou hao was also a soldier from the "whampoa school", but zhou hao entered the whampoa school at the age of 17. therefore, zhou hao can definitely be called a full-fledged "whampoa school student", but zhou hao went to fujian after graduation. there, he followed general cai tiankai and raised the banner of "anti-chiang". although zhou hao was a student of the whampoa school, since he opposed chiang kai-shek, it stands to reason that people like him would have an "official career" in the kuomintang government. in november 1933, zhou hao was taken to prison by several kuomintang military police. he unexpectedly discovered that the captain of the military police who was responsible for guarding him was actually his "old acquaintance". when the other party saw that the prisoner inside was zhou hao, his attitude became much more polite.

this military policeman also kept persuading zhou hao to rejoin the kuomintang army as a member of the "huangpu system". at that time, in order to purge the opposition forces within the kuomintang, chiang kai-shek was planning to build a spy agency, which was later habitually called the "military control commission". zhou hao's "huangpu system" background naturally became a key for him to enter the "military control commission". since joining the military control commission, zhou hao's career has indeed become smooth sailing. he has been transferred to important cities such as wuhan, guiyang, and guangzhou to engage in intelligence work. since most of the time, zhou hao and his colleagues have taken "secret actions" to complete their tasks. so, after a period of time, he has seen all the shameful things in the kuomintang clearly. after being exposed to these "dark sides", zhou hao became more and more disappointed with the kuomintang government. however, after being in the kuomintang for a long time, zhou hao naturally learned the ability to "speak human words to people and speak ghost words to ghosts". even if zhou hao is dissatisfied in his heart, he will still pretend to be loyal on the surface.

in 1943, dai li, the head of the military control commission, sent zhou hao to nanjing station as the station chief. zhou hao's first task after taking office was to secretly contact zhou fohai, a big traitor, to obtain intelligence from the wang puppet government. it has to be said that zhou hao's business ability is still quite good. just three months after zhou hao contacted zhou fohai, he organized the information in his hands and established a huge intelligence network. through this intelligence network, zhou hao could not only contact high-ranking officials of the "wang puppet government" such as wu huawen, but also contact many figures in the japanese military. in august 1945, emperor hirohito of japan announced unconditional surrender. because zhou hao arranged a huge "intelligence network" for the military control commission during the war. some "traitors" who had previously surrendered to the japanese suddenly became "guests of honor" of the military control commission. seeing this result, zhou hao despised the kuomintang government even more.

however, zhou hao himself was promoted to "major general" by chiang kai-shek himself because of his outstanding work. although the kuomintang government had granted many officials and generals in the army during the war, it was rare for someone in the military control commission to become a major general. just when zhou hao was very popular, some people went to chiang kai-shek with some fictitious evidence and sued zhou hao. these people falsely claimed that zhou hao had "behaved in corruption" during his mission for the military control commission. chiang kai-shek was furious when he saw the evidence and immediately ordered zhou hao to be arrested and imprisoned. although zhou hao was very angry, he could only face it helplessly. in 1946, dai li, the "spy chief" of the military control commission, died suddenly in a plane crash during a flight. at this time, a new round of "struggle for power and profit" began within the military control commission. at this time, everyone went to curry favor with the new director, and naturally no one cared about zhou hao, the "old minister of the previous dynasty". so zhou hao sneaked out of prison with the secret help of his friends.

after being released from prison, zhou hao did not dare to engage in public activities outside. therefore, he could only give himself a pseudonym and try to "stay at home" as much as possible on weekdays. however, in such a chaotic era, it is quite difficult for a person to "keep himself out of trouble". in 1947, zhou hao met a man named xu chuguang at a banquet. on the surface, this man was a businessman who was devoted to patriotism and had a sense of justice. but in fact, this xu chuguang was the head of intelligence for the chinese communist party in shanghai and nanjing. therefore, after his first contact with zhou hao, he felt that this person was just and was an object that could be won over. during a conversation, xu chuguang deliberately changed the topic to "the chinese communist party", but zhou hao did not show any fear at this time. he repeatedly stated that he sympathized with the communists and did not want to be their enemy.

in the past, the conflicts between him and the communist party were all for the purpose of executing the orders of his superiors. now that he has been "unfairly treated" by the kuomintang government, zhou hao has nothing to worry about. seeing that things have come to this, xu chuguang directly revealed his identity to zhou hao. he wanted to invite zhou hao to join the revolutionary team of the chinese communist party and set up a "hidden line" for our party within the military control commission. at first, zhou hao hesitated for a long time, but every time he thought of the dirty things in the kuomintang government, he felt unbearable. as a "normal person" with a conscience, zhou hao finally chose to join the chinese communist party.

however, because zhou hao's previous experience was too complicated, the local underground party organization could not accept zhou hao to join the party for a while, and everyone felt that zhou hao needed to be carefully investigated. in this regard, zhou hao did not complain about anything. in any case, he finally had an opportunity to contribute to the revolution. when he was studying at the whampoa military academy, he met a lot of "powerful children". these people are now either high-ranking officials of the kuomintang or wealthy people in the business world. zhou hao suddenly felt that he seemed to be able to use these relationships in his hands to build an intelligence network for the communist party. if he really did this, then the suspicion and confusion of him within the organization would disappear. so, can the plan in zhou hao's mind be realized?

2. the sudden “big turn”

although zhou hao had been forced to stay at home, the bureau of secrets, which was reorganized from the military control commission, still paid him a monthly salary. therefore, from the perspective of work affiliation, zhou hao is still a member of the "bureau of secrets". after being unemployed for more than a year, zhou hao applied for a job to his superiors. zhou hao took the initiative to express his willingness to go to shanghai jing'an temple to do buddhist work. this request amused the senior officers of the kuomintang. because these people only have promotion and wealth in their eyes, no one will focus on a temple. therefore, shortly after zhou hao made this request, he received a positive reply. zhou hao, who was transferred to shanghai jing'an temple, used his connections to start gathering intelligence for our party. although jing'an temple is a buddhist holy place, there are many senior officials coming and going here every day. as long as zhou hao uses a little trick, he can get a lot of valuable information from these people.

after a while, zhou hao turned an ancient temple into the "intelligence station" of our party, which is very rare in the history of our party's intelligence work, but soon zhou hao received a "transfer order" from his superiors. it turned out that in the second half of 1947, the kuomintang launched an unprecedented "decisive battle" with the people's liberation army in the northeast. as a result, the kuomintang not only lost hundreds of thousands of elite troops in vain, but also "lost" all the areas outside the great wall. chiang kai-shek believed that the reason for this was that the generals on the front line lacked supervision, so he needed to place a group of people from the security bureau in the army to strengthen management. at the same time, he also needed to find another opportunity to gather a large number of troops to have another "head-on confrontation" with the people's liberation army.

in the end, chiang kai-shek chose a large area around xuzhou as the location for this decisive battle. back then, chiang kai-shek led his troops north from here to start the "second northern expedition", so throughout his life, chiang kai-shek had an inexplicable feeling for the city of xuzhou. and the transfer order that zhou hao received at the beginning was to transfer him to the "xu-beng battlefield" hundreds of miles away. so zhou hao quickly seized the opportunity to report this new change to the organization. the comrades who received the report were very happy and thought it was a good time to instigate the kuomintang troops. if zhou hao could really instigate several senior kuomintang generals, our army's casualties would be reduced a lot.

in the summer of 1948, zhou hao was appointed as the senior counselor of the 107th army of the kuomintang. although zhou hao's position was called counselor, he was actually a "jinyiwei". zhou hao had a handwritten order from chiang kai-shek in his hand. his mission to the 107th army was to monitor the army's commander, sun liangcheng. once zhou hao found that sun liangcheng had signs of "collusion", he could immediately lead his troops to arrest him, but zhou hao found that this was a rare "opportunity to instigate rebellion". if he could use his power and persuade sun liangcheng to revolt on the battlefield, it would be a great contribution to the revolution. so, can zhou hao, who has gone deep into the tiger's den, succeed?

3. the “lone hero” on the huaihai battlefield

zhou hao knew the character of senior generals very well, so after deciding to instigate sun liangcheng, he rushed to suqian, jiangsu, the base of the 107th army, overnight. after arriving in suqian, zhou hao told the other party everything about his responsibility to monitor sun liangcheng. sun liangcheng was frightened after hearing zhou hao's mission, and insisted that he had nothing to do with the communist party, but zhou hao showed him the "hand order" issued to him by chiang kai-shek. zhou hao told sun liangcheng that no matter what sun liangcheng was doing now, chiang kai-shek would consider him a communist. sun liangcheng was even more frightened after hearing zhou hao's words. he hurriedly bowed his hands to zhou hao and begged for a "solution" and offered to pay a reward. zhou hao pretended to look at sun liangcheng, who was already frightened at this time, with a deep look. then, zhou hao sighed again, sat on a chair beside him, and slowly said that at present, only rebellion and surrender to the communist party could avoid disaster and seek blessings, and there seemed to be no better way to live.

although sun liangcheng was not a qualified soldier, he was very cunning. he showed a cunning smile and proposed his surrender conditions to zhou hao. in sun liangcheng's view, he could hand over all the rights in his hands, but the chinese communist party and the people's liberation army must pay him at least 1,500 taels of gold for "senior officers' family resettlement expenses." in order to promote the uprising of sun liangcheng's troops as soon as possible, zhou hao had to agree first, but just when everything was going well, an astonishing news suddenly came from the front: the courier responsible for contacting xu chuguang had defected. in order to "strive for meritorious service" in front of the kuomintang officials, the other party actually gave out zhou hao's name. fortunately, at this time, zhou hao's wife wu xueya lied that she was "going back to her hometown to visit relatives" and took zhou hao out of the city together. zhou hao finally escaped the clutches of the kuomintang secret service.

however, zhou hao, who had just left the city, remembered the unfinished "rebellion mission". so, without discussing with his wife, zhou hao secretly ran back to suqian hoping to meet sun liangcheng. in order to ensure the "success of rebellion", zhou hao also wrote a sincere letter to sun liangcheng, but at this time, chiang kai-shek suddenly ordered the expansion of all the "miscellaneous military units" in the xuzhou-bengbu area. sun liangcheng himself was the commander of the 107th army and was promoted to the position of deputy commander of the first pacification zone. sun liangcheng was actually moved by chiang kai-shek's superficial behavior and never mentioned the uprising that had been discussed before. at this time, chiang kai-shek ordered sun liangcheng's troops to go to xigaoji to fight the people's liberation army. although everyone with a discerning eye could see that chiang kai-shek was letting the miscellaneous military units block bullets for him, sun liangcheng at this time had been overwhelmed by fame and fortune, and was dead set on working for chiang kai-shek.

a war was about to break out, and zhou hao decided to strive for the "uprising" of sun liangcheng's troops before that. in november 1948, the troops under the 107th army had arrived at the predetermined combat position, and the pla troops opposite had set up machine guns and cannons, ready to set up a battle formation with the kuomintang army. at this time, zhou hao rushed directly to the front of the two armies regardless of his personal safety. in front of the position, he happened to pick up the loudspeaker used by the people's liberation army to shout, and preached the policy to the kuomintang army at the top of his voice. although the bullets of both sides were loaded at this time, zhou hao still hoped to win a group of kuomintang soldiers to revolt. in the end, after zhou hao's efforts, he persuaded two infantry battalions, an engineering battalion, and a cannon battalion under the 107th army to revolt against the pla battlefield. after counting, our army seized a total of 5 artillery pieces and more than 800 artillery shells.

in addition, there were more than 3,000 rifles and more than 300,000 rounds of ammunition. although the 107th army did not achieve a full battlefield uprising in the end, zhou hao's attitude towards the mission was seen by everyone. moreover, zhou hao was able to win over thousands of uprising troops at the last minute, which in itself was enough to prove his superb strength. therefore, the organization decided to continue to send zhou hao to the kuomintang army to carry out the "rebellion mission", but no one expected that this seemingly sure mission would become the "ground of failure" in zhou hao's life.

4. failure at the last hurdle

according to the latest arrangement of the organization, zhou hao needs to use the old relationship of the 107th army in the kuomintang army to promote the uprising of another kuomintang general. the other party is a kuomintang general named liu ruming, who had previously contacted our party. later, he saw chiang kai-shek's attitude towards the "miscellaneous army" and hesitated about the uprising. at this time, sun liangcheng, who had previously agreed to the uprising, sent his trusted adjutant to contact liu ruming. sun liangcheng repeatedly told liu ruming that his surrender to the communist party was just a "stopgap measure" and that his most important thing now was to quickly escape from the "liberated area" and return to the "national control area". however, before leaving, he hoped to catch a communist as a bargaining chip to make up for his mistakes. so liu ruming brought sun liangcheng's words to liu zhi, the commander of the "xuzhou suppression headquarters" without missing a word. after hearing about this, liu zhi immediately smiled happily. he ordered his troops to fully cooperate with liu ruming and sun liangcheng. a "dark net" against zhou hao was quietly spread...

in january 1949, zhou hao had just entered the area controlled by the kuomintang army when he was caught by several guards who had been guarding here in advance. after confirming zhou hao's identity, these kuomintang guards showed a ferocious smile. seeing this scene in front of him, zhou hao suddenly understood everything in his heart. he probably couldn't escape this time, but he had already made plans for the worst. after zhou hao was arrested, chiang kai-shek personally ordered him to be sent to nanjing overnight. he really didn't understand why zhou hao, a "veteran military agent" from the huangpu system, would willingly serve the communist party. but in the face of various interrogations, zhou hao still did not reveal any valuable information. even with the axe on his body, zhou hao still did not change his face. he insisted that all he did was because he was too disappointed with the national government. in terms of personal belief, he is not a "communist party member" at all, but for the future and prospects of the chinese nation, he must stand up and overthrow this corrupt and dark government.

on january 21 of the same year, facing the relentless pressure from bai chongxi, li zongren and others, chiang kai-shek had no choice but to "step down". before stepping down, chiang kai-shek issued a final warrant requiring his subordinates to execute zhou hao immediately. before the execution, zhou hao did not leave any last words. at the moment when the executioner raised his rifle, zhou hao suddenly raised his handcuffed hands above his head and shouted loudly: "long live the communist party of china, long live the new china!" then, he fell heavily in a pool of blood...

since zhou hao's identity and mission were both "top secret information" within our party, the time from zhou hao's arrest to his sacrifice was too short, and our party comrades did not even have time to organize a rescue. therefore, in the end, this matter became a little-known "old story" and was rarely mentioned by people. until one day in 1967, zhou hao's wife wu xueya asked the people's government to "restore her husband's reputation." wu xueya had a diary left by her husband in her hands. in this diary, zhou hao recorded in detail every top-secret mission he undertook. some missions were so confidential that even wu xueya knew about them for the first time. after careful verification, the government reported the matter to the central government.

finally, the central government decided to restore zhou hao's reputation and posthumously recognized him as a "revolutionary martyr." when wu xueya received the martyr's certificate, he could no longer suppress his grief and burst into tears while holding his child. after zhou hao's "martyr status" was recognized by the state, his remains were reburied in the yuhuatai martyrs cemetery by the nanjing municipal government. since then, every year wu yaxue would go to the martyrs' cemetery to sweep her husband's grave and talk to him, as if he had never left her.

in april 1989, wu xueya brought the diary left by her husband to the "yuhuatai martyrs cemetery" again. that day was the 40th anniversary of her husband's death, which made wu xueya feel particularly complicated. she bent down and put her face on her husband's tombstone, as if she was carefully feeling her husband's warmth. when wu xueya stood in front of the tombstone and said the last words to her husband, she took the children's hands and turned away. after sweeping her husband's tomb, wu xueya immediately decided to donate the diary left by her husband to the "yuhuatai martyrs cemetery". wu xueya felt that since zhou hao was able to fight for the people at the cost of his life during his lifetime, he should also leave something for the people and future generations after his death.

in 1993, the diary left by zhou hao was rated as a "first-class revolutionary cultural relic". afterwards, the diary was handed over to the yuhuatai martyrs cemetery for permanent collection and organized by a special person. through the yellowed pages of the diary, people seemed to see a hero who was loyal to the nation and willing to sacrifice. and his story will surely be passed down from generation to generation by future generations and become an immortal legend.

in the history of nearly 100 years, the land under our feet has suffered countless destruction and hardships. many people choose to accept it and become numb "bystanders". but a group of brave and fearless people took the initiative to stand up. they used their lives as torches to light up a dark space. through the little light they illuminated, we finally saw the road ahead clearly. perhaps, these people who "willing to be torches" never left their names. they also came from different places, spoke different languages, and had different beliefs. but everything these people did was to sacrifice for the chinese nation. their "heroic spirits" will surely smile in the sky and become the enduring "people's heroes" in people's mouths.