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this article is still a free long article. is this the father of hongying-6? the accompanying free reading content is an introduction to the french "mistral" portable air defense missile. readers are recommended to read the paid long article to have a comprehensive understanding of the "mistral" portable air defense missile.

speaking of france's "la fayette" class frigate, many of us are familiar with it. this is a stealth missile frigate designed by france in the 1980s and put into service in the 1990s. it was still very amazing when it first debuted. of. this ship is well-known to us chinese because in 1991, france sold 6 taiwanese-customized "lafayette" ships to the taiwanese puppet navy. taiwan named them "kangding" class. this politically provocative act made china particularly angry. france and china the relationship once fell to a freezing point.

"la fayette" class frigate

in fact, the "lafayette" class frigate is a second-line ship that performs ocean patrol missions in the french navy. it generally does not join the main fleet, so the weapons and equipment configured are relatively simple. as far as anti-aircraft weapons are concerned, only an eight-meter frigate is equipped on the top of the helicopter hangar. combined "sea sidewinder" ship-to-air missile. this missile was developed on the basis of the land-class version of the "sidewinder" and uses radio command guidance. chinese military fans are also familiar with this missile, because our country introduced the "sea sidewinder" and later developed the "haihongqi- 7" ship-to-air missile, from the 1990s to the beginning of this century, was one of the few ship-to-air missiles available to our navy.

the french "lafayette"-class air defense weapons are only used for single-ship self-defense. they are relatively simple. the ship-to-air missiles only have eight-unit "sea sidewinders" on the top of the helicopter hangar.

the french navy has a total of five "lafayette" class ships, which were put into service between 1996 and 2001. it has been more than 20 years ago. the ships have been extended and overhauled, and equipment upgrades are imminent. the "lafayette" class has reserved space for future upgrades and modifications during design. the platform behind the 100mm main gun at the bow was originally reserved for the "aster-15" vertical launch ship-to-air missile. it will be upgraded during the second phase of modification in the future. however, due to the low position of this class ship in the french navy and financial pressure, the modification has been delayed again and again.

in october 2020, the no. 3 ship of the "lafayette" class, the "courbet" (fs f712, courbet), finally returned to the factory for upgrade and transformation. on september 13, 2021, the transformation was completed and delivered to the french navy. the transformation involves a new combat command system, new photoelectric detection equipment, etc., and the replacement of "flying fish" block3c anti-ship missiles with a longer range. but in terms of air defense operations, the modification of the "coubert" is simply a piece of cake - not to mention the replacement of the "aster-15", even the original "sea sidewinder" was not saved, and two were installed on the top of the helicopter hangar. sadral "sadral" short-range air defense missile, which is the ship-borne six-unit version of the "mistral" missile, is just fine!

after the modification of the "courbet", the eight-seat "sea rattlesnake" was replaced by two six-seat sadral.

this sadral is a passive infrared guided ship-borne short-range air defense missile designed based on the "mistral" portable air defense missile. it is characterized by passive infrared guidance, which is ignored after launch. before the missile is launched, the seeker is powered and refrigerated by the ship. it provides power and compressed air conditioning, so the standby time is longer than the portable version of the "mistral". furthermore, the shooter does not have to operate next to the launcher, but searches and aims through the closed-circuit television camera in the command module. after the missile is launched, the crew manually removes the empty launch tube, replaces the ammunition belt tube with a new one, and then the battle can continue.

one of the sadrals on the refitted "courbet"

but sadral or "mistral" is the foundation of portable air defense missiles after all. although its large 90mm diameter missile can hit farther, fly faster, and have a more powerful warhead than those portable air defense missiles launched from the shoulder, after all, the ceiling is here, it is incomparable to professional anti-aircraft missiles. its passive infrared seeker only has quasi-omnidirectional capabilities and cannot be intercepted within a cone-shaped area directly in front of the incoming target, so it is not suitable for intercepting typical low-altitude and high-speed incoming targets such as anti-ship missiles. to intercept anti-ship missiles head-on with passive infrared homing missiles, we must either use passive radar wave-passive infrared dual-mode guidance. the former uses the radar waves emitted by the active section of the anti-ship missile to reversely introduce the missile to the vicinity of the anti-ship missile. the latter takes over accurately. guide until hit, or use a more advanced infrared imaging seeker - which is exactly the path taken by the us "ram" terminal interceptor.

one of the sadrals on the refitted "courbet" is opposite the no. 5 ship guepratte (fs f714, guepratte), also belonging to the "lafayette" class. in the future, the "sea rattlesnake" will also be dismantled. change to sadral.

france's downgraded modification of the "lafayette" class shows that the french navy has completely abandoned the goal of integrating the "lafayette" class into the main fleet to participate in fleet air defense, and will completely use it as an ocean patrol ship to replace the old the "kagetsu" class performs low-intensity missions such as patrolling overseas territories. such missions will rarely encounter high-intensity anti-ship firepower, so if you don't want it, you don't need it, you don't need it, you can make do with it!

my mother... is gone! ahhhhhhhhhhhhhh

all kidding aside, i also have a similar downgrade modification in dongda navy. from the 1990s to the beginning of the 21st century, the type 053h3 guided missile frigate was once the main ship of the navy for offshore operations. however, as the fleet mission gradually became more ocean-going and newer large-scale main ships were put into service one after another, the tasks undertaken by these guided missile frigates have been reduced, so in return during the renovation of the factory, the old "haihongqi-7" ship-to-air missiles were removed and replaced with "dondalam", which is the hongqi-10 short-range air defense missile, because these ships only need to perform second-line auxiliary tasks and continue to there is little point in upgrading to more advanced ship-to-air missiles.

a public training scene of a frigate detachment of the east china sea fleet. from near to far, they are the type 053h3 566 "huaihua" ship, the type 054 526 "wenzhou" ship and the type 053h3 567 "xiangfan" ship. they were all originally equipped with "haihongqi-7" "the ship-to-air missiles were all removed after modification and replaced with hongqi-10 ship-to-air missiles.

however, dongda's downgraded modification is equipped with hongqi-10 after all. the one that is compared to the american "ram" is much more reliable than this six-unit "mistral"! it can only be said that except for a few battleships, the french navy has completely destroyed other ships.

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