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Beijing Youth Daily reporter (Reporter Wang Bin) learned from the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Greening yesterday that the city has completed the annual task of "replanting oak (broadleaf) under the forest" in the plain ecological forest. Since the beginning of this year, a total of 1.668 million oak trees have been planted in Beijing's lush plain ecological forests, and 32,000 high-quality male white poplars have been planted on the edge of the forest. The forests in Beijing are gradually achieving the goal of "growing taller, greener, and longer-lived".

"Since 2012, Beijing has carried out two rounds of afforestation projects covering one million mu of land, adding 2.19 million mu of green space to the forest. The forest coverage rate in the plain area has doubled, and the green space structure determined by the city's master plan has basically taken shape," said a relevant person in charge of the Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Greening. Today, many trees are growing lushly, with their crowns touching each other, competing for sunlight and nutrients, which is not conducive to the healthy development of the forest. "Our work focuses on improving forest quality and cultivating a healthy and stable forest ecosystem."

Since this spring, the city has launched five precise maintenance measures: "adjusting density, supplementing seedlings, fertilizing soil, preventing diseases and insects, and strengthening functions". Among them, broad-leaved trees, mainly oaks, are planted in suitable plots such as forest windows and open spaces in plain forests, which is called "underforest oak supplementation".

In the opinion of Jin Yingshan, director of the Ecological Restoration Institute of Beijing Academy of Landscape Architecture, a beautiful and healthy forest should not be a pure forest of the same age, but a stable and self-successive ecosystem. It should contain both tall trees and flowering shrubs, old trees and young seedlings, coniferous forests and broad-leaved forests. "The ideal state of a forest should be 'multi-layer, different-age, mixed', and 'understory oak' is the most effective means."

Why was the oak tree chosen? Jin Yingshan said that this tree is full of treasures. Also known as the oak, it is the largest broad-leaved tree species in Beijing, with deep roots and lush leaves, and strong resistance. "Studies have found that oak trees have a large biomass and a lot of dead leaves. One tree can provide a habitat for more than 500 organisms, and the soil under the oak tree is more fertile than other trees. Even in the cold winter, its brown leaves always hang firmly on the tree." In addition, the oak tree is also an important industrial tree. The wood can be made into red wine corks and oak barrels, and some types of acorns can be used to make jelly.

In the future, the plain ecological forests in Beijing will be more vibrant. Nectar and food source plants will be replanted in the forests to preserve natural zones. Dotted conservation areas, small wetlands, Benjesus piles, insect hotels, etc. will also be embedded in the plain forests to continuously improve the level of forest biodiversity.