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Beijing News (Reporter Zhang Jianlin) The reporter learned from the Ministry of Natural Resources that from January to June 2024, a total of 2,146 geological disasters occurred across the country. According to preliminary statistics, a total of 253 geological disasters have been successfully predicted since the beginning of the flood season this year, effectively avoiding possible casualties of 2,443 people.

my country's geological disasters are numerous, widely distributed, and serious, with the characteristics of concealment, complexity, suddenness, spatial and temporal uncertainty, and strong dynamic changes. Due to the adverse effects of increasing extreme weather events, frequent earthquakes, and intensified human engineering activities, the situation of geological disaster prevention and control is severe.

Data show that my country has identified more than 270,000 geological disaster hazards and established a mass monitoring and prevention system with more than 260,000 grassroots people as the main body. On July 25, a landslide occurred in Shawan District, Leshan City, Sichuan Province, causing the collapse of houses of 5 villagers and damage to 10 houses. Relying on their own experience, the group defense personnel found sporadic rockfall and local cracks on the back slope during the inspection. They immediately reported to the town government for organization and evacuation, and 15 households and 35 people successfully evacuated. Mass monitoring and prevention is still the most effective means at present.

After continuously strengthening scientific and technological innovation and the application and promotion of advanced and applicable technologies, the focus has shifted from "human defense" to "human defense + technical defense". Zhang Mingzhi, director of the Geological Disaster Technology Methods Office of the China Institute of Geological Environment Monitoring (Geological Disaster Technical Guidance Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources), introduced that geological disasters are generally divided into sudden geological disasters and slow-changing geological disasters. There are three main types of sudden geological disasters: landslides, collapses and mud-rock flows.

"Specifically in terms of monitoring and early warning, we are currently developing a generation of automated monitoring equipment, with a focus on monitoring landslides. We will focus on monitoring two directions. One is its inducing factors, most of which may be induced by rainfall, so we will monitor its rainfall and soil moisture content. In addition, the most important thing is the deformation of the landslide body itself. We will rely on the Beidou high-precision displacement deformation monitoring system to monitor the overall deformation of the landslide." Zhang Mingzhi said.