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first, let’s understand the operating mechanism of ovulation. normal ovulation in women requires the normal operation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis. the hypothalamus is like a command, issuing orders to the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropins. after receiving the instructions from gonadotropins, the ovaries secrete estrogen and progesterone to promote the development of follicles and subsequent ovulation. failure in any part of this system may lead to ovulation disorders.

1. hypothalamic-pituitary axis dysfunction

to put it simply, there is a problem in the command center and the command is indiscriminate. this will cause problems such as anovulatory menstruation and amenorrhea. so why is the hypothalamus dysregulated? generally speaking, negative emotions such as tension, anxiety, anger, sadness, etc. may cause brain dysfunction to cause anovulation or abnormal ovulation, or anovulation may be caused by sheehan's syndrome or hyperprolactinemia.

2. abnormal feedback mechanism

understand it, it actually means that the subordinates do not obey the command, or misunderstand the meaning for some reasons, and the hormones released in this way are abnormal. environmental factors, excessive depression and sadness, anorexia nervosa, severe weight loss, hyperthyroidism, etc. can affect the cerebral cortex and cause abnormal release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, causing ovulation disorders.

3. local ovarian factors

to explain it this way, eggs come out of the ovaries, but if there is a problem with the ovaries, of course the eggs cannot come out. ovarian problems include congenital ovarian agenesis, polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian failure, luteal insufficiency, luteinized follicle non-rupture syndrome, ovarian tumors, etc.