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the 11th session of the 14th national people's congress standing committee held its first plenary session at the great hall of the people in beijing on the morning of the 10th. among them, the meeting reviewed the state council's proposal to submit for deliberation the draft decision on the implementation of the gradual delay of the statutory retirement age. why should this reform be implemented? what is the economic and social background for the implementation of the reform?

experts: the main purpose of reform is to cope with the aging of the population

the 14th five-year plan and the report to the 20th cpc national congress both clearly proposed the implementation of a gradual delay in the statutory retirement age. in the 14th five-year plan, "gradually delaying the statutory retirement age" was written into the chapter "implementing a national strategy to actively respond to an aging population."

the "resolution" of the third plenary session of the 20th cpc central committee made arrangements for improving the support and service system for population development, and proposed "to promote the gradual delay of the statutory retirement age reform in a safe and orderly manner in accordance with the principles of voluntariness and flexibility."experts said this also shows that the main purpose of the reform is to cope with the aging of the country's population.

guan bo, deputy director of the social strategic planning research office of the china macroeconomic research institute, said:the current aging population has become a basic national condition., and in the context of high-quality population, it is urgent to further release the potential of labor resources in society and promote the total factor productivity to a more appropriate level. whether it is the extension of life expectancy, the improvement of health level, and especially the improvement of social production capacity, the combination of labor and social production has undergone significant changes in the past few decades, which provides an objective condition and policy possibility for adjusting the corresponding policies.

my country will enter a severe aging stage around 2035

in the 14th five-year plan and the resolution of the third plenary session of the 20th cpc central committee, the content of "delaying the statutory retirement age" was placed in the section related to population development. so, what are the changes in my country's overall population development and aging level?

at the beginning of the founding of the people's republic of china, the total population of my country was 540 million, and by 2023, the total population had reached 1.41 billion. while the overall population is increasing rapidly, population development has just crossed two important turning points.

first,in terms of population birthchina will experience negative population growth starting from 2022, and the negative growth trend will continue in 2023.

second,proportion of population aged 65 and above in the total population, reaching 14.2% in 2021.

according to the general international classification, this marks the continuation of2000china has entered an aging society with an aging rate of 7%.after, enter from heremoderate aging stageit is predicted thataround 2035, the number of people aged 60 and above will exceed 400 million, accounting for more than 30%,entering the severe aging stage.arrivearound 2050, the size and proportion of my country's elderly population will reach a peak.

zhao zhong, dean of the school of labor and human resources at renmin university of china, said that since the statutory retirement age system was established in the 1950s, there has actually been no major adjustments or changes. the policy system formulated based on the population conditions and economic development at that time is out of touch with the current population structure and socio-economic development.

in fact, an important reason for aging comes from a positive change, which is the substantial increase in life expectancy of the population.in 2023, the average life expectancy of chinese people has reached 78.6 years, healthy life expectancy, that is, the number of years of survival in good health, has also increased significantly. in addition, with the development of science and technology and the change of economic structure, the labor that purely relies on heavy physical labor has been greatly reduced, and more knowledge-based and skill-based positions have been created, which provides more possibilities for extending the working life.

zhao zhong, dean of the school of labor and human resources at renmin university of china, said that the increase in life expectancy means that the age at which people can continue to engage in production and business activities has also increased. through institutional reforms, the size of the country's labor force can be better increased, which in fact plays a very important role in a country's social and economic development.