Ruijin Famous Department of General Surgery: How a “Terminal Station” Discipline is Created
2024-08-20
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Ruijin Hospital, founded in 1907, witnessed the beginning of the birth and development of surgery in New China. In 1953, Ruijin Department of Surgery determined the direction of the development of general surgery and specific surgery, and the development of surgical specialization began to emerge. After more than half a century, "brave innovation, dare to challenge, willing to be the first, one step ahead" is the most prominent character of the general surgery department of Ruijin Hospital, and "elegance" is another aspect of the general surgery department of Ruijin that is deeply rooted in Ruijin. In the tide of the development of the times, the multifaceted general surgery department leads and continues to inherit the trend with endless tenacity. This is how the "terminal" discipline in the mouths of countless patients was forged.The intersection of schools of thought led to the legendary beginning of The LancetA small lancet can save patients from death and create many legends of famous doctors.Looking back at history, the surgery department of Ruijin Hospital not only has no shortage of famous doctors, but also produces many talented people and continuous achievements. This is due to the unique academic atmosphere left by the predecessors of the surgery department of Ruijin Hospital.At the end of 1956, Shanghai Second Medical College (the predecessor of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine) adjusted its professional settings. Doctors from the "French and Belgian" and "Anglo-American" schools enjoyed working together in Ruijin Hospital, and the department of surgery developed and grew rapidly there.The "Franco-Belgian School" is represented by graduates of the Aurora University School of Medicine and a group of surgeons who studied in France and Belgium and returned to China. They are rigorous, conscientious, pay attention to standards, and emphasize the cultivation of basic skills. After returning to China, Xu Baoyi, who graduated from the School of Medicine of the University of Lyon in France, pioneered the precedent of a Chinese serving as the chief of surgery at Guangci Hospital (the predecessor of Ruijin Hospital). Fu Peibin, Cheng Yixiong, She Yaxiong, who returned to China after studying in Belgium, and Shen Yongkang, Shi Jixiang, Lin Yanzhen, who graduated from the Aurora University School of Medicine, undertook the main medical work of the surgery department.The "Anglo-American School" refers to doctors who graduated from St. John's University School of Medicine, known as the "Oriental Harvard," and surgeons who returned from studying in the United Kingdom and the United States. They have active minds, advocate innovation, and are good at breaking traditions and finding new ways. Outstanding representatives include Dong Fangzhong and Li Xingfang who studied in the United States, Zhou Xigeng who studied in the United Kingdom, and Zhou Guangyu, Chai Benfu, and Wang Daoxin who graduated from St. John's University School of Medicine.What is commendable to this day is that the two masters, Fu Peibin of the "Franco-Belgian school" and Dong Fangzhong of the "Anglo-American school", were both superb medical skills and noble characters. Their completely different personalities and surgical styles not only did not affect the development of the department, but also complemented each other, and jointly opened a prosperous chapter in the development of Ruijin Surgery.It all started from here. The inclusive and broad academic atmosphere of the General Surgery Department of Ruijin Hospital was like fertile soil, continuously nurturing new technologies and new concepts. One pioneering exploration after another was able to sprout and grow in Ruijin Hospital and become towering trees.Teaching by words and deeds, let the scalpel always radiate warmthMedical skills are benevolent skills. Surgeons holding lancets treat diseases and patients. "Love tissues, love instruments, love patients" is the core of Fu's surgical skills and the principle that the surgery department of Ruijin Hospital always follows. "The surgical incision is soft and free of hard knots, and the sutures are neat. These are the signatures of surgeons!" These teachings can still be heard from time to time today.Precept and practice make the scalpel always radiate warmth. Moreover, this benevolence and medical skills have also stepped beyond the walls of the hospital. In 1951, the Department of Surgery of Ruijin Hospital organized many people to go to North Korea in batches to join the volunteer medical surgery team to resist the US and aid Korea. In 1966, the Ruijin medical team went to the Shanghai rear base in the mountainous area of southern Anhui to carry out medical tours, and Fu Peibin was the team leader. In 1998, there was a severe flood in the Yangtze River Basin. The Ruijin Hospital medical team, led by Zhu Zhenggang, went to Li County, Hunan to complete a 20-day disaster relief and disease prevention mission, and was awarded the honorary title of "Advanced Group for Disaster Relief and Disease Prevention" and was awarded a third-class collective merit.The medical team sent to Morocco, the medical relief for the Wenchuan earthquake, the third Arctic scientific expedition of the "Xuelong", the Shanghai Youth Volunteer Relay Team of the Municipal Youth League Committee to aid Yunnan, etc., all have the presence of Ruijin General Surgery staff.Innovation is the soul, bravely step into the realm that no one has ever reached beforeThe Department of General Surgery at Ruijin Hospital’s persistent pursuit of innovation and leadership has enabled the hospital to create many “firsts” in the history of Chinese medicine.
In October 1977, Lin Yanzhen and others completed the first human allogeneic orthotopic liver transplant in China, setting a precedent for organ transplantation in China. In 1978, the first allogeneic heart transplant in Asia was completed at Ruijin Hospital. In 1981, Ruijin Hospital carried out allogeneic orthotopic pancreas transplantation, again leading the trend. In 2002, the Ruijin team made another breakthrough. Li Hongwei, Peng Chenghong and others completed the first split liver transplant in China. At the end of 2004, the first "abdominal multi-organ cluster transplantation" in Asia completed by the Ruijin team was selected as one of the top ten news in China's medical science and technology in 2004.It is worth mentioning that in 1991, Li Hongwei, then president of Ruijin Hospital, recalled Zheng Minhua, the first graduate of the French class, from France and brought back a new surgical technology - minimally invasive surgery.In 1992, Zheng Minhua took the lead in establishing a laparoscopic research group and held the first laparoscopic technology training class in China. In 1993, Zheng Minhua completed the first laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery in China, and the patient has survived since the surgery. In 1998, Ruijin Hospital established the first "Minimally Invasive Surgery Clinical and Scientific Research Training Center" in China, and became one of the minimally invasive surgery training centers in the Asia-Pacific region designated and recognized by the Asian Association of Laparoscopic and Endoscopic Surgeons. In October 2001, the Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Clinical Medicine Center was established in Ruijin Hospital.Nowadays, "minimally invasive surgery" has become a household name, and China's minimally invasive technology has reached the international leading level. When tracing back to this innovative spark, Ruijin Hospital's Department of Surgery is definitely an indispensable link. In November 2016, the 15th World Congress of Endoscopic Surgery and the 2016 Asian Conference of Laparoscopy and Endoscopic Surgeons were held in China. This was the first time in 28 years that the World Congress of Endoscopic Surgery was held in China, hosted by Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Clinical Medicine Center.Maintain excellence, reach the top, be prepared for dangerEven though we have achieved many results, we still need to be vigilant and build a discipline into a "final destination". "Treating diseases that others cannot cure" is not just an empty talk, but the greatest affection this discipline has for all people in the world.After minimally invasive technology, robotic surgery is the latest technological advancement in the field of surgery in the world. Ruijin Hospital is the first hospital in China to carry out robotic surgery. In 2010, Peng Chenghong completed the distal pancreatectomy with spleen preservation using the da Vinci robot, marking the beginning of robotic surgery in China. Peng Chenghong and Shen Baiyong have pioneered many world-first robotic procedures. Currently, Ruijin Hospital has performed more than 1,000 robotic pancreatic surgeries, ranking second in the world.The gastrointestinal tumor discipline group is also a traditional advantage discipline of Ruijin Hospital. Professor Zhu Zhenggang's team has gradually formed a comprehensive surgical treatment system for gastric cancer that is patient-centered, stage-oriented, and prognosis-based. With the purpose of "not giving up on any gastric cancer patient", the team named the system "DRAGON" and covers many of the most advanced key technologies for comprehensive treatment of gastric cancer.In 2009, Ruijin Hospital Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center was established, which combines the imaging department, ultrasound department, radiotherapy department, oncology department, pathology department, and laboratory department to carry out multidisciplinary joint clinics, formulate comprehensive treatment plans for postoperative patients, and provide a one-stop service diagnosis and treatment platform for difficult patients. This diagnosis and treatment model further improves the quality of diagnosis and treatment and the patient's medical experience.
Author: Pan Ruijun
Text: Pan Ruijun Photos: Provided by the interviewee Editor: Tang Wenjia
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