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the first is commercial bill issuance + guarantee + payment + discount: after the commercial bill is issued and accepted, the accepting company can apply for guarantee from the bank. these companies are usually large and powerful enterprise groups. the bank cooperates with the parent company or financial company of the group. the subsidiaries of the group issue commercial bills and the parent company or financial company accepts them, and the bank guarantees them. bank guarantees can promote the circulation of commercial bills.

the second is the issuance of commercial bills + payment + guarantee + discount: in addition to guaranteeing the acceptor, the bank can also guarantee the holder. the note holder is generally a medium-sized enterprise with a large volume of note transactions, and the acceptor can be a small business. the credit of the note holder can be used to solve the problem of financing difficulties of commercial notes for small businesses.

the third is commercial bill issuance (+ guarantee) + payment + pledge loan: when a small and medium-sized enterprise issues a bill as the drawer and accepts it by itself, a large enterprise can provide an acceptance guarantee for it. for example, a group subsidiary issues a commercial bill and accepts it, and the group parent company or financial company guarantees its acceptance. the subsidiary acts as the drawer and payer (or acceptor), and the parent company acts as the acceptance guarantor, which increases the market acceptance of commercial bills. after receiving the bills, upstream suppliers can pledge the bills to banks or financing guarantee companies for loans, thus get funding.

fourth, issuance of commercial bills + payment (+ guarantee) + discount: when small and medium-sized enterprises, as bill holders, receive commercial bills issued and accepted by core enterprises, they can apply for endorsement guarantees from banks or guarantee companies. for example, a core enterprise issues a commercial bill and accepts it. when the upstream enterprise receives the commercial bill, it applies to a bank or guarantee company for endorsement guarantee. after obtaining the guarantee, the holder can apply for a discount of the bill held by the commercial bank to obtain funds; you can also continue to endorse and circulate it to increase the market acceptance of commercial bills.