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the conflict between lebanon and israel has been escalating recently. israel stated that the goal of its military operation was not only to allow "the northern residents to return to their homes", but also to require the lebanese hezbollah to withdraw to the north of the litani river, not far from the lebanese-israeli temporary border.

so what is the significance of the litani river? what struggles have lebanese and israeli parties fought over this?

the litani river originates in the bekaa valley in eastern lebanon and flows into the mediterranean sea from the north of the southern city of tire. it is about 140 kilometers long. it is the largest river in lebanon and the main source of irrigation and drinking water in southern lebanon and the bekaa valley.

the litani river is located in the southern region of lebanon. it is very close to the border between israel and lebanon, only 18 miles away. the litani river is particularly rich in water resources, so the litani river water resources between israel and lebanon are competition for, or concerns about, competition for water has a long history.

before the establishment of the state of israel, the jews at that time believed that the litani river should be israel's northern border.

during the lebanese-israeli conflicts in 1978 and 1982, israel controlled the area south of the litani river.

from july to august 2006, the israeli army also sent troops into southern lebanon to fight with the lebanese hezbollah armed forces.

in accordance with resolution 1701 adopted by the united nations security council in august 2006 on ending the conflict between israel and hezbollah in lebanon, in the area between the "blue line" (i.e., the lebanese-israeli provisional border) and the litani river, except for the lebanese government and the united nations there should be no armed personnel, assets and weapons other than those deployed by the united nations interim force in lebanon (unifil).

(source: cctv news)