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on the evening of september 25, local time, russian president vladimir putin chaired a standing meeting on nuclear deterrence within the framework of the russian federation security council. the meeting is held twice a year. this meeting mainly discussed the renewal of the national policy basis for nuclear deterrence.

putin said that russia treats the issue of nuclear weapons with the highest sense of responsibility and will be committed to preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons and their related components. the triad of nuclear forces remains the most important guarantee of russia's security and a tool to ensure global balance.

putin said that the current political and military situation is changing rapidly, and russia should pay attention to this fact, including the emergence of new sources of military threats and risks to russia and its allies. for russia, it is important to adapt the national strategic planning documents to the changes in reality.

putin said that in the updated version of russia's nuclear doctrine, russia has added categories of countries and military allies against which it will take nuclear deterrence measures. with the participation or support of nuclear-weapon states, aggression against russia by non-nuclear states will be regarded as a joint attack by the two. after russia obtains accurate information about the start of an aerospace attack on russia, russia will respond with nuclear weapons. in addition, when conventional weapons pose a serious threat to russia's sovereignty, this will also be a reason for russia to respond with nuclear weapons.

putin also said that russia reserves the right to use nuclear weapons if belarus, as a member of the russia-belarus union, is invaded.

recently, many russian officials, including russian presidential press secretary dmitry peskov, have stated that russia is developing an updated nuclear doctrine that takes western actions into consideration. on the 1st of this month, russian deputy foreign minister ryabkov stated that russia will analyze a series of escalation measures taken by the west after launching special military operations in russia, and revise its nuclear doctrine on this basis.

the u.s. politico website previously reported that the united states has accelerated the deployment of the "upgraded" nuclear bomb b61-12 to several nato bases in europe to replace the old version of the weapon. as of 2023, the united states has deployed hundreds of nuclear bombs at six air force bases in belgium, germany, the netherlands, turkey and italy. in march of this year, the u.s. "defense express" website also disclosed that the f-35a joint strike fighter has been certified to carry b61-12 tactical nuclear bombs. nato secretary-general stoltenberg declared in june this year that nato needs to adjust its nuclear capabilities and demonstrate the effectiveness of nuclear deterrence. he also claimed that nato member states are discussing putting nato nuclear warheads on combat readiness. the russian side has repeatedly warned that the actions of western countries have increased the risk of nuclear war. if the united states and its allies use "escalation actions" to force russia, russia may change its nuclear policy. (cctv reporter wang delu)