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in september, when the school starts, zhou yue, who lives in ningyuan county, yongzhou, hunan, came to changsha to start his university life. he felt quite nervous and excited.

zhou yue scored 485 points (physics) in the college entrance examination this year, 63 points higher than the undergraduate line, but she chose the major of smart health care services and management at changsha civil affairs vocational and technical college.

zhou yue said: "i didn't apply to an undergraduate school. first, my undergraduate options were limited with my score; second, my parents kept urging me to make a rational choice."

during the past summer vacation, zhou yue often browsed various industry information and set her sights on future career development. she felt that with the accelerated aging of the chinese population, the market prospects of the elderly care industry are broad. "employment was the main consideration for my family and i to finally choose to study in a higher vocational school."

the phenomenon of high-scoring candidates enrolling in higher vocational colleges is becoming more and more common

coincidentally, li yutan, a girl from changsha, chose changsha aeronautical vocational and technical college to major in applied electronic technology because of the high employment rate of the school. li yutan has loved aviation since she was a child, and her cousin, who works in related fields, also encouraged her. her college entrance examination score was 500 points (physics), which was still far from her ideal undergraduate college in aerospace.

should he choose an undergraduate major that he didn't like, or an aviation major that he loved in a junior college? with the support and encouragement of his parents, li yutan did not choose to repeat his studies, and his first choice was the applied electronic technology major of changsha aeronautical vocational and technical college.

according to zeng quansheng, vice president of changsha aeronautical vocational and technical college, in 2024, the school admitted a total of 1,727 candidates who exceeded the undergraduate line, accounting for 65.27% of the general college entrance examination plan (2,646 people), an increase of nearly 20 percentage points from 2023. "the gratifying situation of enrollment is due to excellent employment results." zeng quansheng introduced that the school's 2023 education quality report shows that the main employment directions of the 2023 graduates are the military, state-owned enterprises and other units, with an average monthly income of more than 7,000 yuan per person, and the school's graduates have a matching employment rate of up to 88%.

similarly, the top ten candidates in changsha civil affairs vocational and technical college chose modern funeral technology and management, smart health care services and management, civil affairs services and management and other related majors as their first choice. "take modern funeral technology and management as an example. the school sends nearly 300 graduates to the society every year, but it still cannot meet the market demand for talents in this major," said hu yequan, director of the college's admissions and employment office.

the majors are closely aligned with industry needs, and students can quickly integrate into the workplace and achieve high-quality employment after graduation, which greatly enhances the attractiveness and competitiveness of vocational education.

in this year's college entrance examination, chen yuxuan, a girl from hangzhou, zhejiang, scored 602 points, 110 points higher than the first-level score of 492 for ordinary subjects in hangzhou. however, she chose zhejiang mechanical and electrical vocational and technical university, which had just been upgraded to a vocational undergraduate program. according to media reports, her reason was that "the school has a very high employment rate." a candidate from guangzhou applied for the shenzhen vocational and technical university electronic information engineering technology (experimental class) with a score of 600, also for the same reason of guaranteed employment.

according to information released by the hunan provincial examination institute, the first filing score line for the general category of hunan province's 2024 general college admissions for higher vocational colleges shows that the admissions results of higher vocational colleges are "eye-catching", with a total of 119 higher vocational college professional groups reaching or exceeding the undergraduate line, which has doubled the number of 52 higher vocational professional groups last year.

keep up with market and people's livelihood needs and provide guarantees for high-quality employment

on august 27, the changsha natural resources and planning bureau issued a related announcement showing that the research on metro line 10 is being stepped up. this is expected to ease the urban traffic congestion problem in changsha, which has only 6 subway lines. and for hunan railway vocational and technical college, this increase is also good news.

in december 2013, the metro line 2, which changsha citizens had been eagerly awaiting, began trial operation. among the first batch of 89 drivers, 9 were female drivers, all from hunan railway vocational and technical college in zhuzhou, hunan, 50 kilometers away.

zhang ying, dean of the college, said that over the past 70 years since its establishment, the college has always focused on the rail transit industry. on the one hand, it is oriented to rail transit equipment manufacturing with crrc corporation as the core, and on the other hand, it is oriented to rail transit equipment application, that is, to major railway bureaus, subway companies, and intercity railways. "this is one of our main employment markets." she revealed that over the years, the school's employment rate has always been among the highest in the province, and has also benefited from the great development of the industry.

in september last year, the ministry of education announced the first batch of 28 national-level municipal industry-education consortia. the zhuzhou industry-education consortium, led by hunan railway vocational and technical college and other institutions, became the only national-level municipal industry-education consortium in hunan province.

zhang ying said that the school was born out of an enterprise and has the blood of the enterprise flowing through it. over the years, it has always focused on the field of rail transit and has very close cooperation with crrc corporation, various railway bureaus, and rail transit groups in various cities; it has also built industry-education integration bases with many companies. in addition, 20 years ago, the school opened order classes with guangzhou metro and shenzhen metro. currently, it has increased to seven or eight project classes. the vast majority of students can adapt to the requirements of industrial development after entering the job. the high recognition of enterprises has also attracted the attention of students and parents. this year, the scores of freshmen who passed the general college entrance examination all exceeded the undergraduate line.

in 2023, sha gan, who was admitted to changsha civil affairs vocational and technical college with a college entrance examination score (physics) 125 points higher than the undergraduate line, predicted that the funeral and elderly care industries would have the same trend two years before filling out the application form. he thinks that today's funeral industry has changed a lot compared to before, and many sub-industries such as cemetery design no longer attract fearful eyes.

relevant data shows that in 2014, there were about 10,000 funeral-related enterprises and social institutions in china. after nearly 10 years of development, the number has now reached more than 70,000. "i have been to a funeral home on the coast. there is a bar in front of it where you can drink coffee for free." he lixin, director of the department of modern funeral technology and management at changsha civil affairs vocational and technical college, said that with the development of society, funeral services pay more attention to park design, cemetery management, equipment maintenance, etc., which has brought changes in enrollment and employment. the college has also added several majors and introduced four doctors in related majors to teach in the department.

"in recent years, the school has cut a number of majors in accordance with changes in market demand, and added integrated circuit technology application and infant childcare," said wu wenping, deputy director of the recruitment and employment department of changsha civil affairs vocational and technical college. "for the original 'high-quality' elderly care majors, we will expand them according to industry development."

xie liqin, party secretary of the school of medicine of the college, introduced that the college established the nursing major in 1999. today's nursing industry is diversified and has many formats, including high-end nursing institutions, home-based nursing rooted in the community, and day care door-to-door services similar to service stations rooted in the community. from the initial daily life care and rehabilitation training, it has expanded to the spiritual needs of the elderly, high-end care, cultural and sports entertainment, etc. the diversification of services and the requirements of intelligent intelligence have brought greater challenges to talent training, but also brought opportunities.

"helping disabled elderly people used to rely on manual labor. now the medical school and the school of electronics are jointly developing assistive products, which can not only reduce manpower consumption but also improve efficiency." xie liqin said that the electronic products she designed, such as bed-chair integrated robots and anti-tremor equipment for parkinson's patients, have not only opened up the market, but also provided a larger platform for the school's entrepreneurship.

loudi vocational and technical college, more than 100 kilometers away from changsha, has seized the opportunity to cultivate local talents. zhou zhihe, vice president of the college, said that the college's talent training in clinical medicine and traditional chinese medicine has been included in the "hunan province localized medical talent training program" jointly launched by the local health commission and the hunan education department. dozens of graduates will become the new force in township health centers. the local organization department commissioned the college to open a "village cadre class" majoring in rural new economic organization management, which has also become a popular enrollment this year.

in july this year, when a student consulted a college entrance examination admission service agency about the enrollment of missile maintenance major, he was questioned, "do missiles still need to be repaired?" in fact, changsha aviation vocational and technical college opened a missile maintenance technology major in 2003 with a three-year program to cultivate high-quality technical talents who are proficient in missile assembly, testing, repair and maintenance.

zeng quansheng, the vice president of the college, said that keeping up with market changes and deepening the industrial chain are the main reasons for the school's rapid development in recent years. since 2012, the college has adjusted and optimized its professional structure. among the original 33 majors, 22 majors that were not closely connected with the aviation industry were cancelled. even some national and provincial key majors such as chemical engineering and computer science were not exempted. some of the majors added later were all built around the industry in a forward-looking manner.

"many years ago, the school has been focusing on the general aviation industry and the low-altitude economy field, and it has finally exploded in recent years." zeng quansheng introduced that the college's majors such as general aviation aircraft maintenance, drone application technology, and composite material intelligent manufacturing are widely welcomed by high-scoring candidates. today, the establishment of the low-altitude economy industry major in hunan province has been entrusted to the college by relevant departments and bureaus.

"it is precisely because higher vocational colleges keep up with the market and the industrial chain that their graduates have no worries about finding jobs, and they find high-quality jobs. this is an important reason for attracting high-scoring candidates to give up their undergraduate studies and pursue a junior college degree," zhang ying believes.

how to deal with the influx of high-scoring candidates into higher vocational colleges

the influx of high-quality students into higher vocational colleges has also driven the improvement of their teaching and management levels. however, competition from the market, the rise of artificial intelligence, and the upgrading of blue-collar workers have made the leaders of higher vocational colleges more nervous.

dr. ni chuanhao of zoomlion heavy industry science & technology co., ltd. pointed out in an interview with china youth daily and china youth network that many industrial innovations based on scientific and technological progress in history have replaced simple and repetitive labor done by people with advanced machinery or even intelligent machinery, so that people can transform to do more delicate work. the goal of blue-collar transformation is to become a field engineer who is familiar with the product and understands the automated production line.

he believes that many domestic higher vocational colleges should be in sync with enterprises when training students.

on august 30, hunan railway vocational and technical college held a one-day training. zhang ying said that the influx of a large number of outstanding students has made the school think about how to deal with it. "everyone concluded that if we continue to use the original training model, it will be a waste of such a good source of students." she said that strengthening the faculty is a link that must be paid attention to.

on the one hand, the school has sent a large number of teachers to enterprises for "retraining" and rotation practice, and at the same time hired famous teachers from enterprises to join the school and set up some research and innovation platforms. in addition, they have also introduced more than 10 doctors. in addition to completing basic teaching tasks, they work with enterprises to do research and development and jointly complete some innovative projects of enterprises. through this kind of participation, it is finally fed back into teaching.

the practice of changsha civil affairs vocational and technical college is similar. xie liqin introduced that all teachers are required to work in enterprises for half a year within five years. for the elderly care major, teachers are selected to study full-time for 15 days in the college's partner enterprises every summer vacation; and they are sent in batches to study in countries with advanced elderly care industries such as germany, finland, and japan.

changsha aeronautical vocational and technical college requires that new teachers, regardless of which school they graduated from, must practice in an enterprise for one year before teaching. "there was a lot of opposition at the time, but from years of practice, the gains from teaching staff construction are huge." zeng quansheng said that the school's most powerful technical experts are all students who stayed in school. after staying in school for training, they were promoted to undergraduate and postgraduate studies, and finally became core technical personnel. in this way, some excellent students have also opened up space for advancement.

the reporter learned that the high-quality majors and practical talent training capabilities of some vocational colleges have even attracted the attention of undergraduate colleges. loudi vocational and technical college signed the "chuyi craftsman plan" with a local public undergraduate college, and 150 undergraduates in two majors were trained by loudi vocational and technical college for four years. hunan railway vocational and technical college signed "2+2" and "4+0" talent training plans with two other public universities.

zhang ying pointed out that the improvement of the status of vocational education has attracted more high-scoring students to apply for the exam. at the same time, a large number of higher vocational colleges and majors have shown stronger and stronger adaptability in running schools. graduates are favored by industries and enterprises, and the recognition of higher vocational colleges by the society is also increasing. "in this context, it is inevitable that more and more high-scoring candidates choose vocational education."

china youth daily and china youth network reporter hong kefei source: china youth daily

source: china youth daily