a rare and deadly virus has killed one person! a curfew has been imposed in one part of the united states, and there is no vaccine or treatment yet
2024-08-29
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deadly rare virus appears in the united states!
this virus currentlythere is no vaccine or targeted treatment yet.
the mortality rate of patients is about 30%
man dies from eastern equine encephalitis in usthis is the first case of infection in the area in 10 years.
according to xinhua news agency on august 27, the new hampshire public health department issued a bulletin on the 27th saying,eastern equine encephalitis viruseastern equine encephalitisof adult men have died。
according to the bulletin, the man, a resident of hampstead, was hospitalized for severe central nervous system disease and later died. his eastern equine encephalitis virus test result was positive.this is the first human case of eastern equine encephalitis virus in the state in nearly 10 years.
according to us media reports on the 26th,in mid-august, the massachusetts department of public health reported that a man in his 80s in the state was infected with eastern equine encephalitis virus, the first confirmed human case in the state since 2020.
on august 23, the state public health department reported another case in plymouth county.a case of eastern equine encephalitis virus infection has been detected in a horse.
in addition, since this summer, new hampshire has also detected eastern equine encephalitis virus in horses and mosquitoes, and similar situations have occurred in neighboring massachusetts and vermont.
according to cctv news client,the town of plymouth has declared a curfew in massachusetts due to the outbreak of eastern equine encephalitis, a rare and deadly mosquito-borne disease., outdoor public facilities will be closed from dusk to dawn.
meanwhile, state health officials said the towns of douglas, oxford, sutton and webster are also high-risk areas.people are advised to avoid going out during the night and early morning hours when mosquitoes are most active.local residents are also advised to use mosquito repellent and take care to clean up stagnant water near their homes.
eastern equine encephalitis has a mortality rate of about 30%.there is currently no vaccine or targeted drug
eastern equine encephalitis(eastern equine encephalitis, referred to asEEE）it is an acute encephalitis named after the epidemic in eastern north america.it is a virus caused by eastern equine encephalitis virus (eev).EEEV)zoonotic viral diseases。
image source: haidian disease control center
according to the centers for disease control and prevention website, eastern equine encephalitis is arare but serious diseasethere is currently no vaccine or targeted treatment.the mortality rate of patients is about 30%, and many survivors are left with sequelae.
equine encephalitis mainly includeseastern equine encephalitis, western equine encephalitis, and venezuelan equine encephalitis, respectively caused by the corresponding equine encephalitis virus. equine encephalitis virus can invade the central nervous system, cause serious complications, and can lead to death. the mortality rate of eastern equine encephalitis is 35%, and another 35% of infected people have mild to severe neurological sequelae. the mortality rate of western equine encephalitis is 3%, and 13% of infected people, especially children, will have neurological sequelae; the mortality rate of venezuelan equine encephalitis is 1%, and the mortality rate of young children and the elderly is higher. mainly spread by mosquito bites
birds are the main source of infection for this disease, and mosquito bites are the main route of transmission.，eastern equine encephalitis virus is naturally transmitted between the black-tailed mosquito (culiseta melanura) and bird hosts.it is not directly spread between people or horses.humans and horses are infected with the virus mainly through the bites of several other mosquito species, such as aedes mosquitoes and culex mosquitoes.
by analyzing mosquito surveillance data from 2019, researchers found that the number of mosquitoes in the northeastern united statesthe density of black-tailed mosquitoes and the amount of toxins they carry have increased significantly compared with previous years, is the main cause of the outbreak.on this basis, the researchers established a mathematical model that can predict the prevalence of eastern equine encephalitis through early mosquito-borne surveillance data of that year.
between 1831 and 1959, there were 12 eee epidemics based in the united states.there are more than 1,000 mosquito speciesamong them, mosquitoes that suck human blood are the main vectors of transmission for humans and livestock, sostrict seasonality, mostly occurring from july to october, with a peak in august.eastern equine encephalitisuniversal susceptibility，the susceptible population is mostly children under 10 years old and the elderly over 50 years old.and most of them arehidden infection, about 2% to 10% are overt infections.the initial symptoms of infection include fever, stiff neck, headache, fatigue, etc.people can develop lasting immunity after infection.
the most effective way to prevent eastern equine encephalitis is todo not travel to epidemic areas, and secondly avoid mosquito bites.
on february 1 this year, when uruguay and argentina successively discovered confirmed cases of equine encephalitis, xiao bo, director of the neurological medicine center of xiangya hospital of central south university, said: "people who go to tropical areas with high temperatures and active mosquitoes shouldthe main clothing is long-sleeved shirts and pants., and apply mosquito repellent to exposed skin; try to arrange your accommodation in a place with air conditioning or mosquito nets. if there are no mosquito nets, it is best to use mosquito repellent or sleep in a mosquito net. ”
in addition to humans, horses are also an important host of the virus. since horses have a similar immune system to humans, they are also vulnerable. paying attention to the health of horses, timely injecting horse vaccines, providing a good living environment and adequate nutrition to enhance their immunity are also necessary measures to prevent the disease.
zou yang, chief physician at beijing friendship hospital and beijing institute of tropical medicine, also emphasized: although there are currently no confirmed cases of equine encephalitis in my country, given that there is currently no specific antiviral treatment for the disease and no vaccine to help humans prevent equine encephalitis virus, prevention and symptomatic supportive treatment are very important."preventing mosquitoes is the first priority. secondly, when traveling abroad, try to avoid close contact with horses in epidemic areas."
source: xinhua news agency, cctv news, haidian disease control center
