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China News Service, Beijing, August 2 (Reporter Sun Zifa) The reporter learned from the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on August 2 that the institute's researchers cooperated with the relevant team of Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Advanced Energy Science and Technology, based on the Lanzhou heavy ion research facility, and recently used ion track technology to develop an ion management membrane for dendrite-free lithium metal anodes, which will help the development of high-performance lithium metal batteries and provide new ideas for solving the safety problems of high-performance lithium metal batteries.

This paper, which shows important progress in the design and development of multifunctional battery separators, was recently published in the international professional academic journal Advanced Energy Materials.

The research team said that among the many lithium battery anode materials, lithium metal anode has received continuous attention due to its highest theoretical specific capacity and low electrochemical potential. However, during long-term cycling, the growth of lithium dendrites and volume expansion of lithium metal anode will cause battery performance degradation and bring serious safety issues, hindering its further commercial application.

In recent years, the academic community has been working hard to find a solution to the problem of lithium dendrite growth. Studies have found that uniform lithium ion distribution can achieve uniform lithium deposition on the surface of lithium metal anodes and inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites. As an indispensable component of lithium batteries, the diaphragm not only has the function of isolating the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, but also can effectively regulate the distribution and transmission characteristics of lithium ions. Therefore, finding a multifunctional diaphragm that has the functions of "distribution", "screening" and "acceleration" of lithium ions is of great significance for the development of high-performance lithium metal batteries.

In this study, the research team developed a battery separator, an ion management membrane, based on the Lanzhou heavy ion research facility, using ion track technology and surface chemical modification technology to effectively "manage" ion distribution and transmission characteristics. The ion management membrane has vertically arranged, uniform diameter, negatively charged nanochannels, which can be used as an ion distributor and "lithium ion guide" to reduce lithium ion concentration fluctuations and achieve lithium ion selective transmission.

The research team said that their newly developed ion management membrane has a unique structure and chemical properties, which give it high ion conductivity and excellent lithium ion transfer number, while minimizing the fluctuation of lithium ion concentration on the surface of lithium metal anode. When the membrane is used in lithium/copper batteries, it can cycle 100 times at 0.5 milliamperes per square centimeter with a coulombic efficiency of more than 96%; at 1 milliampere per square centimeter, the cycle life of lithium/lithium batteries can be extended to 1200 hours. For lithium iron phosphate batteries, the ion management membrane development process can achieve a specific capacity of 146 milliampere hours per gram and maintain 79.84% of the capacity after 1000 cycles. (End)