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Influenced by historical inertia, calligraphy in the early Ming Dynasty basically followed the style of the Yuan Dynasty's retro style. However, due to the preference of the emperor in the early Ming Dynasty, Shen Du, Shen Can and others formed a new style of Taige.

Its fonts are square and symmetrical, and round and mellow, but it makes the calligraphy of this era lack a unique style. It was not until the advent of the cursive script represented by Zhang Bi that it broke people's aesthetic concepts and triggered a large-scale cursive script craze.

Zhang Bi, whose courtesy name was Rubi and pseudonym was Donghai, was a native of Huating County, Songjiang Prefecture in the Ming Dynasty. He was a juren in the second year of Chenghua (1466). He served as the Minister of War, and was promoted to Yuanwailang. He was later promoted to the prefect of Nan'an Prefecture, also known as Zhang Nan'an, hence the name "Zhang Nan'an".

He was very smart since childhood, and was able to write poems and fu, and was good at cursive writing. At this time, he had changed the tradition of the early Ming Dynasty Taige style, based on Zhang Xu and Huaisu's cursive writing, and took a free and easy path. He was a typical representative of the Ming Dynasty's pioneering school, an innovative art form.

Dong Qichang commented on Zhang Bi's Qingyuntang Calligraphy: "His cursive calligraphy was highly praised by the world. It was not until Zhu Xizhe told the story that his calligraphy was pushed to its peak."

From this point, it can be seen that Zhu Yunming admired Zhang Bi's cursive calligraphy during his heyday very much. The reason was that he became a disciple of Xu Su in his prime, which made his cursive calligraphy increasingly mature and his personality more distinct.

First of all, Zhang Bi was quite skilled in the application of the "eight-direction tip" in the calligraphy system. He used many different brush and ink techniques in his cursive works, reflecting his unique cursive style.

Feng Fang commented: "Since the two Wangs' rules, and the complexity of emptiness and simplicity, it can be understood by all schools."

From this passage, we can see that Zhang Bi not only inherited Xu Su's calligraphy system, but also absorbed his brushwork and verve, making his cursive writing have its own unique style and style. The brushwork is simple and novel, with a unique style; the strokes are flying, and the text postures are ever-changing. The formation method is virtual and real, and it is unpredictable.

In terms of specific techniques, Zhang Bi's study and absorption of Zhang Xu's calligraphy achieved the effects of "square and round", "vivid", and "vivid". In addition, Zhang Bi was also good at using long lines, and his brushwork was rigorous and bold, which was largely inspired by Zhang Xu.

Secondly, in terms of character formation, cursive script has no form, and calligraphy is about "change"; the size of the characters, the density of the space, and the tilt of the body are all important criteria for measuring the elegance or vulgarity of calligraphy style. However, Zhang Bi's cursive script is rare in the context of the popularity of the "Tai Ge style".

Finally, there is another feature of Zhang Bi's cursive calligraphy, that is, he deliberately added some small characters around a larger character, forming a strong contrast, integrating his own feelings into the calligraphy, and expressing his feelings through calligraphy.

Looking at Zhang Bi's cursive calligraphy, the brush strokes are coherent, the energy is connected, and between each line, the density is well-arranged, interspersed and avoided. There is a sense of agility and full of changes up and down, left and right.

Zhang Bi was good at looking at the dialectical relationship of things dialectically, and his artistic characteristics of density, size, black and white, coarse and fine can be seen everywhere in his cursive script. A closer look at Zhang Bi's cursive script and Zhang Xu's cursive script reveals similarities in their layout and the relationship between the characters.

The difference is that Zhang Bi's huge vertical cursive calligraphy is full of irrepressible passion, as heroic as a storm, but also as steady as going against the current. It gives people a very impactful feeling and creates a new artistic realm.