looking at the energy transition from a piece of coal, a power station, and a hydrogen heavy truck to green and new, the construction of a new energy system is accelerating
2024-10-05
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energy, food for industry, the lifeblood of the national economy, and the main battlefield for promoting carbon peak and carbon neutrality.
general secretary xi jinping pointed out: "accelerating the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system is the main direction of my country's energy revolution."
in the 75 years since the founding of the people's republic of china, especially since the 18th national congress of the communist party of china, my country's energy supply capacity has continued to improve, forming a multi-wheel-driven diversified supply system of coal, oil, gas, nuclear, new energy and renewable energy, becoming the world's largest energy producer. a big country. at the same time, the energy structure continues to be optimized and improved, and the construction of new energy systems is accelerated to provide driving support for economic and social development.
"one decrease and one increase" confirms the changes: the proportion of raw coal in total primary energy production has decreased from 96.3% in the early days of the founding of new china to 66.6% in 2023; clean energy power generation has increased from 44.6 billion kilowatt hours in 1978 to 2023 3.2 trillion kilowatt-hours per year, and for every 3 kilowatt-hours of electricity consumed by the whole society, 1 kilowatt-hour is green electricity.
a piece of coal full of treasure——
clean and efficient use of fossil energy
general secretary xi jinping pointed out that "the development of the coal industry must be transformed and upgraded, taking the path of green and low-carbon development" and "promoting the high-end, diversified and low-carbon development of the coal chemical industry."
walking into yulin chemical co., ltd. of the national energy group, there are towers, tanks, and pipelines. pieces of coal are processed into polyglycolic acid degradable materials, which can not only be made into disposable knives and forks, plastic bags and other daily necessities, but can also be used in medical applications. it shows its talents in high-end fields such as surgical sutures and bone scaffold materials.
"polyglycolic acid is made into bone nails and implanted into the human body, which can gradually degrade, solving the problem of traditional materials requiring secondary surgery to remove." yang xuechao, a scientific research management engineer at yulin chemical industry, said that compared with the production of traditional polyolefin plastics, coal-based polyethyl alcohol the raw material coal consumption of acid ton products can be reduced by about 50%, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by about 65%, and the industrial added value can be increased by 2 to 3 times. however, the production cost is close, and it has both market competitiveness and environmental protection benefits.
the "wujin" butterfly transformation is also taking place in rural greenhouses. "in the past, open steel tanks were used to store water. moss would grow over time and the water would easily deteriorate. the new black water storage tanks are very useful." said ma bao, a greenhouse grower in kangping village, weiyuan town, shuozhou city, shanxi province. . chen xuelian, general manager of kehuan guoneng new materials company, said that the water storage tanks produced by the company using coal-based cross-linked polyethylene have the advantages of being easy to carry, resistant to high temperatures and corrosion, and inhibiting the growth of moss.
comfortable spandex fabrics, new kitchen fuel with high flash point, non-toxic and odorless, "extreme cold diesel" that can still be used normally at more than minus 20 degrees celsius... breaking away from the traditional path of "mining coal and selling coal", china energy group has launched a new multiple high value-added and differentiated products have enabled coal to achieve “seventy-two changes”.
anchor in the direction of green and low carbon, the high-quality development of the coal industry has taken new steps.
mining is greener. green mining technologies such as water-containing mining, backfill mining, and recovery while mining have been continuously expanded. in the past 10 years, the national raw coal washing rate, mine water comprehensive utilization rate, and land reclamation rate have all increased by more than 10 percentage points.
utilize more efficiently. in the past 10 years, more than 95% of coal power units have achieved ultra-low emissions, and pollutant emissions in the power industry have been reduced by more than 90%. in some coal power plants, the captured carbon dioxide can also be used for welding processing, food preservation, etc.
it's not just coal. there are many ways to explore the clean and efficient use of energy: the waste catering oil left after making hot pot and fried chicken becomes aviation fuel for domestic large aircraft; the sludge collected from sewers and sewage treatment plants is dried and mixed with coal. burning electricity to generate electricity... relying on technological innovation, waste is utilized as resources, and the energy supply becomes more diversified and cleaner.
a power station to control desertification and increase greening——
renewable energy substitution is advancing steadily
general secretary xi jinping pointed out: "energy construction cannot rely solely on traditional industries. we must vigorously develop new energy and clean energy, strive to achieve carbon peak carbon neutrality, and build a green china."
on the edge of the ulan buh desert, in a photovoltaic power station covering an area of 8,000 acres, more than 700,000 photovoltaic panels are arranged in an orderly manner. the panels generate electricity, and alfalfa, mugwort and other sand-control plants are planted between the panels.
"photovoltaic panels can reduce wind speed and water evaporation, making them suitable for plant growth. we have planted sand-proof plants and a 100-meter-wide protective forest, and the vegetation coverage rate of the site has increased from 7% to about 80%." state power investment corporation beijing dengkou andyson, deputy director of the photovoltaic power station, said that while controlling desertification and increasing greenery, the dust on photovoltaic panels will be reduced, which can improve power generation efficiency.
starting in 2020, dengkou county, bayannur city, inner mongolia has introduced more than 10 photovoltaic companies. after all photovoltaic installations are completed, 350,000 acres of ecological management can be completed, and the average annual new power generation capacity is more than 23 billion kilowatt hours.
my country is rich in wind and solar resources. from sea to land, from plains to plateaus, from building roofs to fields, wind turbines rotate in the wind and photovoltaic panels shine. new "photovoltaic +" models such as agricultural photovoltaic complementation, fishery photovoltaic complementation, and pastoral photovoltaic complementation continue to be promoted: southeast along the coast, china three gorges group's zhangpu phase ii offshore wind farm, the first ultra-large single-machine capacity offshore wind farm, is connected to the grid for power generation. six 16-megawatt wind turbines are used in batches for the first time. compared with 8-megawatt wind turbines, it can reduce the sea area used by about 30%; on the qinghai-tibet plateau, the second phase of the huadian tibet caipeng optical power storage station has started construction, reaching an altitude of more than 5,220 meters, setting a new height record for the global optical power storage station...
by the end of 2023, my country's wind power and photovoltaic power generation installed capacity will have increased 10 times compared with 10 years ago, and new clean energy power generation will account for more than half of the increase in electricity consumption in the entire society. in 2024, the installed capacity of new energy power generation will exceed that of coal power for the first time, achieving a historic leap.
the installed capacity continues to grow, the market competitiveness of new energy products has also been greatly improved, and the r&d, design and integrated manufacturing systems have become more complete.
"things are more beautiful". the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell technologies such as high-efficiency crystalline silicon and perovskite has repeatedly set new world records, and wind power technologies such as long blades and high towers are at the international leading level.
"better price". a report from the international renewable energy agency shows that over the past 10 years, the average lcoe of global wind power and photovoltaic power generation projects has dropped by more than 60% and 80% respectively, a large part of which is attributed to china's contribution.
"relying on continuous technological innovation, a complete industrial chain and supply chain system, sufficient market competition, and a super-large-scale market, china has achieved rapid development of the new energy industry and has also promoted a significant reduction in the cost of global wind power and photovoltaic power generation." national energy administration the person in charge said.
a heavy-duty truck using hydrogen energy——
technological innovation promotes energy transition
general secretary xi jinping pointed out that "promote major breakthroughs in green and low-carbon technology", "develop efficient and safe energy storage and carbon capture technology, and promote the development and large-scale application of hydrogen energy technology."
"you can travel about 600 kilometers with full hydrogen. the range is longer than that of electric heavy trucks. it is suitable for long-distance running. the driving experience is relatively stable and the noise is low." at the sinopec beijing angu hydrogen refueling station, the driver master shang only took ten minutes to complete the trip. the 49-ton heavy-duty truck is filled with hydrogen. in april this year, my country’s longest hydrogen energy expressway, the beijing-shanghai hydrogen energy corridor, completed thousands of miles of cross-regional transportation testing for the first time.
the hydrogen fuel cell system is a key part of the application of hydrogen energy heavy trucks. with breakthroughs in key core technologies, the cost of hydrogen fuel cell systems has dropped from about 15,000 yuan per kilowatt before 2020 to two to three thousand yuan per kilowatt, helping to popularize the application of hydrogen vehicles in the market.
while hydrogen energy technology is accelerating its development, the large-scale application of advanced energy storage technology is also continuing to advance, helping to balance power grid supply and demand.
walking into zhejiang zhefeng new materials co., ltd., the energy storage battery cabinets are neatly arranged. this single user-side lead-carbon energy storage power station is equivalent to a "power bank". it charges during off-peak hours and discharges during peak hours. by taking advantage of the peak-valley price difference, it can help companies save about 60 million yuan in electricity bills every year. "lead-carbon energy storage has the advantages of large specific heat capacity and rapid cooling. it can control the battery temperature more effectively and is safer." hua xiao, deputy director of the science and technology digitalization department of state grid quzhou power supply company, said.
in foshan, guangdong, the independent battery energy storage station on the baotang grid side of china southern power grid focuses on three major areas: thermal management, structural connection, and battery performance. multiple energy storage technology routes "compete" to select the best for the large-scale development of new energy storage. optimal solution. in 2023, my country's new installed capacity of new energy storage will be approximately 22.6 million kilowatts/48.7 million kilowatt hours, which is nearly 10 times the installed capacity at the end of the 13th five-year plan.
strive for innovation and seize opportunities. comprehensively master the third-generation nuclear power technology of large-scale pressurized water reactors such as "hualong one" and "guohe-1" and the fourth-generation high-temperature gas-cooled reactor. the construction of the "linglong one" small pressurized water reactor demonstration project has begun, and the level of smart grid technology is at at the forefront of the world... in the new era, china is accelerating the promotion of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance in the energy field. energy technology and its related industries have become new economic growth points.
the energy transition is an extensive and profound economic and social systemic change and a long-term strategic task. "the energy system will continue to build a solid foundation for safe carbon reduction, increase the supply of non-fossil energy, promote energy conservation and carbon reduction on the consumer side, strengthen green and low-carbon technological innovation and international cooperation, and promote low-carbon energy transformation and high-quality development." national energy administration the person in charge said.
(source: people’s daily)
