yangcheng literature and history｜guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory: "diamond brand" electric fan blows out the strong wind of "guangzhou products"
2024-10-02
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when it comes to the summer memories of southern cantonese people, one thing cannot be separated from them: the "diamond brand" electric fan. every hot summer, you press the button, the fan blades rotate, and the cool breeze blows out from the "diamond brand" fan, bringing bursts of coolness to the whole family. to this day, the "diamond brand" electric fans with high quality, high quality and low price are still widely favored by consumers and have become many people's home cooling tools.
as one of the earliest home appliance brands in china, the "diamond" electric fan was first developed and produced by guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory. once launched, it received high praise from the market and spread the "strong wind" of "guangzhou products" all over the country from south to north. blow to the world, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory has also left an indelible mark in the development history of nanyue electromechanical.
nowadays, when walking on huanghua road in yuexiu district, people can still see the familiar red hollow "n" brand on the tall building. it has gone through many years of ups and downs and witnessed the pioneering innovation and pioneering spirit of guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory for decades. the style also bears witness to the "weishui history" of this time-honored brand in guangzhou.
“diamonds” shine in domestic and foreign markets, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory makes a name for itself
the establishment of guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory can be traced back to 1935. at that time, chen zuguang, a wuxi native who studied at purdue university in the united states after graduating from shanghai jiao tong university, returned to china and established china construction engineering co., ltd. in shanghai, with the main business of repairing and assembling mechanical and electrical products. as the business grew, chen zuguang began to develop new businesses. this time, he chose guangzhou. according to the "guangdong provincial chronicle", in 1923, guangzhou city began to produce electric fans (ceiling fans), which opened the first page of guangdong province's household appliance technology. in the following 30 years, technological progress was slow. from 1947 to 1948, chen zuguang prepared to build a factory in guangzhou to develop electric fans for civilian use.
in august 1948, nanyang electrical appliances manufacturing co., ltd. was established on huanghua road, guangzhou. it officially opened on november 1 of the same year. it is said to be a "factory", but the total number of employees, including the factory director, is only 18. the factory area is 500 square meters. to commemorate the establishment of the factory, 18 people in the factory took a group photo. although the photos are blurry, through the photos, we can vaguely get a glimpse of the style of the factory when it was built.
a group photo of guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory established in 1948
the reason why it was named "nanyang electrical appliances factory" was because the purpose of establishing the factory was to produce electrical appliances for export overseas. but at that time, guangzhou was still shrouded in the shadow of turmoil. according to the "modern economic history of guangzhou", the trauma of long-term war and the plunder of imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucratic capitalism have caused traffic disruption, industrial and commercial depression, rising prices, people's lives in poverty, and imported goods flooding the market. one can imagine how difficult it is to successfully produce electric fans. as a result, nanyang electrical appliance factory can only make a living by repairing foreign transformers, motors, generators, etc. until the founding of the people's republic of china, no fan had been produced.
this dilemma lasted for more than a year, and nanyang electrical appliance factory ushered in a dawn. on october 1, 1949, the people's republic of china was founded, and the solemn proclamation on the tiananmen gate spread across thousands of miles and reached the hearts of thousands of households in guangzhou. on october 14 of the same year, guangzhou was liberated. since then, guangzhou's economic and social development has entered a new era.
"modern economic history of guangzhou" writes that the guangzhou municipal government took resolute measures to establish and consolidate the economic order, and supported private industry and commerce in accordance with the adjustment policy of "both public and private considerations, and benefiting both labor and capital". in order to enable private industry and commerce to maintain normal production, the guangzhou municipal government took measures such as processing and ordering, and also issued loans to private industry and commerce, adjusted taxes, and adjusted labor relations and production and marketing relations. there has been significant recovery and development since the beginning of the month.”
according to the "guangzhou municipal chronicle", during the first five-year plan period (1953-1957), in order to support the development of guangzhou's mechanical and electrical industry, especially the state-owned industry, the state invested 37.9856 million yuan in capital construction funds. of the total investment, 35.3% was used to renovate and expand 29 factories including nanyang electrical appliances factory. in 1955, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory actively participated in the socialist transformation and realized a public-private partnership. only then did it officially start producing electric fans, mainly for domestic sales.
according to the "guangdong provincial chronicle", in fact, in 1954, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory produced a shaded-pole 400 mm (16-inch) table fan. however, due to the low social consumption level at that time, the fan sales were not good and it was not officially put into production. but the workers were not discouraged and continued to invest in r&d and manufacturing, constantly upgrading electric fans.
while working hard to develop table fan products, nanyang electrical appliances factory also started building its brand image. in 1955, a sparkling diamond appeared on the production drawings of nanyang electrical appliances factory and began production and use as the trademark of electric fans. in 1964, the "diamond brand" trademark was registered and became one of the earliest home appliance brands in china.
in 1958, nanyang electrical appliances factory produced a table fan with adjustable speed. it had a swinging head for air supply and a series reactor to realize a two-speed speed adjustment mechanism. the fan could not only change the direction of the air blowing, but also change the blade speed to adjust the wind force. can adapt to the needs of more scenarios. in 1960, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory first used capacitor start-running motors and reactance speed regulators to produce table fans in guangdong province. its starting performance, power factor and energy consumption were better than those of shaded-pole motors, and the speed regulation also changed from the previous two gears. increase to third gear.
the excellent product quality has brought new opportunities to nanyang electrical appliances factory. the electric fans produced by the factory in 1958 were purchased and exported by guangzhou light industrial products import and export company, laying the foundation for the "diamond brand" electric fans to go global. in 1965, guangzhou daily reported the story behind nanyang electrical appliance factory’s production of electric fans for export. according to the report, fans from nanyang electrical appliances factory only began to be exported in the autumn of 1963. when nanyang electrical appliances factory received the task of producing fans for export, all employees in the factory were very excited and determined to produce high-quality electric fans to make the "diamond brand" famous. "the fan has become a "rising star" in the international market. "they studied various brands of fans at home and abroad, designed a relatively advanced model, and completely 'transformed' the original product. in this way, all the fan parts in the past had to be replaced, and the production molds everything had to be remade. the employees worked hard day and night and quickly completed the arduous modification work.”
soon after, news came that the fans were popular in overseas markets, which greatly encouraged nanyang electrical appliances factory. in 1964, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory pioneered the country's first fan motor auxiliary winding tap speed regulation instead of reactor speed regulation, which saved the enameled wire and silicon steel sheets consumed by the reactor. the electric fan produced was changed from three speeds to four speeds. the rotation speed is changed from one shaking head angle to two shaking head angles. "guangzhou daily" reported that this latest "diamond brand" fan just appeared in the international market and was immediately sold out.
in 1965, the "diamond brand" new fan produced by nanyang electrical appliances factory was unveiled at the 18th canton fair. this fan was equipped with a timing device, which could blow at a fixed angle, and at an angle of 60 degrees and 120 degrees. it can rotate back and forth in two different ranges. compared with other electric fans, it is much more flexible. therefore, it has attracted the attention of purchasers from all over the world. on november 4, "guangzhou daily" specially reported this grand event with the title ""rising star" quickly catches up with the advanced level, diamond brand electric fans are famous in the international market" - "in just more than ten days, businessmen from all over the world have brought nanyang to china. the factory has ordered all the planned products from this winter to next summer, and some businessmen even asked to order electric fans to be produced next fall.”
produced the first batch of low-voltage boards in south china and became a key enterprise in the electromechanical industry
while the diamond brand electric fans are selling well at home and abroad, nanyang electrical appliances factory, which has a firm foothold in the field of civilian electrical appliances, is also steadily advancing research and development and production in the field of manufacturing electrical appliances and electrical materials for industry.
as early as 1950, before the "diamond brand" was born, nanyang electrical appliance factory designed and manufactured 8 low-voltage distribution boards for the jieyang sugar factory in guangdong. jieyang sugar factory in guangdong was put into production in 1935. it went through twists and turns due to the war and resumed production after the founding of the people's republic of china. these electrical appliances manufactured by nanyang electrical appliance factory provided equipment support for jieyang sugar factory.
in the field of electromechanical manufacturing, the batch of low-voltage distribution boards produced by nanyang electrical appliance factory are the first batch of domestically produced low-voltage distribution boards in south china. this also means that nanyang electrical appliance factory can no longer only repair electrical appliances, but also has design and manufacturing capabilities. electrical appliance factory. later, nanyang electrical appliance factory's products continued to be upgraded and its reputation became more and more famous. almost all low-voltage distribution boards for sugar factories in guangdong were produced by nanyang electrical appliance factory.
the first low-voltage distribution board in south china
in addition to the sugar industry, nanyang electrical appliance factory's products are also used in all aspects of industrial construction. on june 23, 1954, "guangzhou daily" published an article "nanyang electrical appliance factory workers actively produce large numbers of electrical appliances to supply industrial construction needs", which mentioned that from january to the end of may this year, the factory successively accepted orders from the guangzhou electrical power bureau , shaoguan power plant, zhanjiang power plant, qingyuan power plant, shitou sugar factory, guangdong textile factory and other units ordered a total of twenty-three sets of transformers of various specifications, as well as oil switches, distribution boards and other products. nanyang electrical appliance factory has become one of the major manufacturers in the electromechanical industry in south china.
in april 1958, a new task was handed over to nanyang electrical appliances factory: trial production of a magnetic generator. magnetic generators are the "heart" of tractors, cars, tricycles and other motor vehicles. in the past, the magnetos used in guangdong province were mainly supplied from imports and partly relied on other provinces. in order to succeed in the trial production as soon as possible, the workers broke the routine and adopted the method of imitating the real thing and making it on the spot, working day and night, and finally achieved success on the night of april 20. this magnetic generator was of good quality and was sent to guangdong agricultural machinery factory for supply. for loading and surveying tractors.
later, guangzhou manufactured the first batch of 31 steel structure freighters, tugs and barges in guangdong province, opening a new page in the history of the shipbuilding industry in guangzhou. "guangzhou daily" mentioned in the report: "in the past, some products that could not be manufactured in this city, such as ship's switchboard switches, watertight windows, watertight doors and windlass, are now manufactured by nanyang electrical appliances factory and xiexingxiang machinery factory. , manufactured by guangzhou machinery factory.”
opening the "guangzhou city chronicle", in the two major sections of the science and technology chronicle and the mechanical and electrical industry chronicle, you can see the figure of "guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory" everywhere: in 1951, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory relied on its accumulated experience in repairing transformers and motors to design its own manufactured the first 100kva/3.2kv oil-immersed transformer in south china, beginning the history of transformer production; in 1958, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory produced the first batch of jt-type low-voltage power distribution boxes, and developed and produced qj2a-type manual decompression starters in 1959, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory designed and manufactured the first power transformer; in 1960, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory produced hd1 and hd10 series knife switches; in 1963, it produced the nationally designed hd13 series of knife switches, replacing those three years ago two series were produced; in 1967, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory produced cj10 series direct-acting ac contactors with a rated current of 40 amps; in 1982, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory carried out long-term anti-rust treatment on the pole surfaces of the electrical silicon steel sheet iron core. this process won the gold medal at the 1988 beijing international invention exhibition...
as an inescapable key word for the development of guangzhou's electromechanical industry, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory has won the reputation and trust of the market with its continuous innovation, and has also "contributed" to industrial development and engineering construction across the country and even abroad with "hard-core dry goods" . the white swan hotel in guangzhou, the dongjiang water supply project, the national committee of the chinese people's political consultative conference auditorium, chittagong, bangladesh... nanyang electric is involved in these major projects.
the "trendsetters" of the times regain new vitality
in 1978, with the spring breeze of reform and opening up, nanyang electrical appliance factory once again entered a new stage of development. in the early years, nanyang machinery factory still had a backlog of many products. liu tie'er, the squad leader of the transportation class, has studied many economics and marketing-related books on his own, has a keen market economy acumen, and is well aware of the importance of marketing to enterprises, so he took the initiative to make suggestions: if we can provide users with door-to-door service, this will this kind of service that no one has but i have may be able to sell products. this trick really worked. nanyang electrical appliance factory opened a product exhibition and sales department downstairs of the staff dormitory on zhongshan 4th road to provide door-to-door delivery services to customers. the products in stock were quickly sold out.
in addition to being considerate of the company in the transportation process, working hard and providing in-depth service, liu tier has also devoted himself to technical reform work for decades. he repeatedly tested in the factory on weekdays, spent weekends in the library and studied theoretical knowledge by himself, and ultimately designed and manufactured more than 60 units. (set) loading and unloading machinery has changed the situation of mainly relying on manual handling of large and heavy electrical appliances, reduced the labor intensity of handling work, increased efficiency by 20 to 30 times, and created a cumulative value of more than 3.6 million yuan for the factory. , obtained five national utility model patents, and won the title of "national model worker".
on the front page of guangzhou daily on october 29, 1998, a few big words appeared: tie'er's true colors. this article with only 4 words in the title used nearly 4,000 words to describe in detail and vividly the life and death of nanyang electrical appliance factory worker liu tie'er. extraordinary contributions made in ordinary positions.
in the wave of reform and opening up, actively adopting employees' suggestions and integrating into the market in response to customer needs is just one of the moves of nanyang electrical appliance factory, a "trendy boy". according to the "guangzhou daily" report, in 1991, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliance factory achieved a total industrial output value of 58.7934 million yuan and a sales revenue of 63.6012 million yuan, respectively reaching historical highs. this is closely related to the factory's timely adjustment of business decisions, introduction, digestion and absorption of foreign advanced technology, and improvement of the overall level of products.
as an old company that produces industrial electrical products and electric fans, in 1985, when the "diamond" fans produced by the factory were very popular, the leaders of the factory made the decision to discontinue the fans and produce high-tech, high-value-added high- and low-voltage fans. electrical product decisions. the factory selects products with high technical starting points and vacancies in the domestic market for development, and adopts technology and trade cooperation to introduce internationally advanced product manufacturing technologies, filling the gaps in the domestic market and bringing new products with modern standards. the vc high-voltage vacuum switch cabinet produced by the factory has been selected by key projects such as the beijing asian games village and guangzhou tianhe sports center.
over the years, nanyang electrical appliances factory has rode the wave of the times, keeping the "n" brand trademark as bright as ever. in may 2003, guangzhou nanyang electrical appliances factory was formally restructured and established guangzhou nanyang electrical appliances co., ltd.; in 2005, nanyang electrical appliances company and tcl group jointly established tcl nanyang electrical appliances (guangzhou) co., ltd. to produce n brand high and low voltage complete sets of equipment; in december 2010 , "nanyang electric" of guangzhou nanyang electric co., ltd. was recognized as a "guangzhou time-honored brand"; in 2023, guangzhou cable factory co., ltd. took over nanyang electric company, realizing the restart and development of the nanyang electric brand complete set of electrical cabinet business, and re-exploring nanyang electric the industry on which it is famous has given full play to its brand advantages; in october of the same year, guangzhou industrial investment holding group co., ltd. passed the "proposal on promoting the reform, innovation and development of nanyang electrical appliances". guangzhou cable plans to cooperate with relevant companies to reform the business of nanyang electrical appliances, a hosting company. optimize and realize its innovative development.
in 2003, nanyang electrical appliances factory was restructured and established as guangzhou nanyang electrical appliances co., ltd.
the world where nanyang electrical appliances factory is located is also gaining new vitality. on april 13, 2021, the nanyang electrical appliance factory and surrounding renovation project officially started. this is the first old city mixed renovation project in guangzhou. the project is located at the junction of dongfeng east road and huanghua road, yuexiu district, guangzhou, and includes nanyang electrical appliance factory, huanghuatang community and hongsheng street police dormitories, etc.
the project plans to add various commercial service facilities, configure high-standard public service facilities such as senior care and culture, and comprehensively improve the quality of regional public services. it will become a benchmark project for the renewal of guangzhou's old city. yuexiu district will further consolidate the "old city new vitality innovation development demonstration zone" through this renovation project.
in the same year, a reporter from guangzhou daily interviewed local residents about this renovation project. liu tier, a veteran employee of nanyang electrical appliances factory and a highly respected national model worker, said in an interview with reporters that although the surrounding environment is very good, it is an old community after all, and parking is difficult. problems such as the lack of elevators and insufficient aging-friendly facilities have also long plagued residents. everyone is very supportive of the renovation and hopes that the renovation can proceed smoothly as scheduled.
in july this year, the yuexiu district housing management bureau publicly solicited opinions on the "yuexiu district high-quality urban renewal special plan (2023-2035)" (draft for comments), which mentioned that the nanyang electrical appliance factory and surrounding renovation projects have entered the expropriation stage. and carry out the construction of old factory areas in an orderly manner. nanyang electrical appliances factory and the people related to it are looking forward to tomorrow with great expectations.
text/guangzhou daily new flower city reporter: zhao yuephoto/guangzhou daily new flower city reporter: yang yaoye correspondent: sui industrial controlguangzhou daily new flower city editor: chen tingting
